英语读写教程 Unit 4 词汇详解

classical a.古典的；经典的 区别：

① classic用作形容词表示“经典的；精彩的；一流的”。例如：

Death on the Niles is one of the classic works of Agatha Christie. 《尼罗河上的惨案》是阿加莎·克里斯蒂的经典作品之一。 口语中也会用到classic这个词。当你看到一场精彩的演出时，就可以说“That’s classic!”来表达赞美。

classic也可以用作名词，表示“文学名著；经典作品；杰作”。例如：

We have all the standard classics of Hayao Miyazaki at home. 我们家有宫崎骏的所有的经典作品。

② classical不能用作名词，只能用作形容词，表示“古典的，经典的”。例

如：

Classical music is music written by composers such as Mozart and Beethoven. 像莫扎特和贝多芬所创作的音乐成为古典音乐。

2. cautiousa.小心的；谨慎的；慎重的

3. dynamic a.①精力充沛的；有创新思想的；志在成功的。例如：He seemed a

dynamic and energetic leader. 他似乎是一个充满朝气和活力的领导者。 ②不断移动的；不断变化的。例如：Markets are dynamic and companies must learn to adapt to the constant economic changes. 市场是动态的，公司必须学会适应持续不断的经济变化。

4. tempt vt.怂恿；利诱。例如：

They tempted him to join their company by offering him a large salary and a company car. 他们为他提供高薪和一辆公司的汽车来利诱他加入他们的公司。

5. tempting a.诱人的；吸引人的。例如：

At first glance, the contract was tempting; however, upon closer examination it became clear that the contract had many problems. 乍一看，合同是诱人的，但仔细检查后发现该合同有许多问题。

Note：Tempting is a present participle of the verb tempt, used as an adjective to describe the effect that something has on someone’s feelings. For example, if you find something tempting/charming/disgusting/frightening, it means it tempts/charms/disgusts/frightens you. In English there are a group of words describing an effect that something has on your feelings and ideas. For example: A tempting job offer 一个诱人的工作机会

An alarming increase in racial hostility 种族仇视的惊人增长 A welcoming smile 热情的微笑 A surprising number of 数量惊人的

6. superior a.更好的；更强的；更有效的。例如：She got the job because she was

the superior candidate. 她得到了此工作，因为她是更好的候选人。

7. stale a.①不再有趣的；没有新意的；乏味的。例如：Many marriages might

go stale, but not the marriage of her parents. 很多婚姻可能会变得乏味。但他们父母的婚姻不会。 ② 不新鲜的。例如：French breads goes stales(=became stale) very quickly. 法

式面包很快会变得不新鲜。

8. ambitious a.有抱负的；有雄心大志的；野心勃勃的。例如：She is a very

ambitious woman and plans to expand her business as soon as possible. 她是一个很有野心的女人，并计划尽快扩大自己的生意。

9. immune a.①不受影响的。例如：Few women were immune to his charm. 很

少有女人对他的魅力无动于衷。

② 免疫的；有免疫力的。be immune to 对„免疫的；无动于衷

例如：Most people who’ve had chickenpox once are immune to it for the rest of their lives. 大多数曾经出过水痘的人都会终生对谁都有免疫力。

10. disgust n.厌恶；气愤；反感

disgust to„

I threw the book aside in disgust. 我气愤地把书扔在一边。

11. proceed vi.①继续进行；继续做。例如：The city government was running out

of money but was determined to proceed with repairing all of the roads as planned. 市政府的钱快用完了，但政府决定继续按计划修复所有该修的道路。 ②（向某一方向）前进，移动。例如：When the airplane from San Francisco landed in New York, passengers for Madrid were instructed to proceed to gate 26 for boarding. 当从旧金山来的飞机在纽约降落后，去马德里的乘客被要求继续前往26号登机口登机。

proceed to/to do sth.进而做（参加）某事（活动）。例如：He accepted my invitation and then proceeded to the comment that people shouldn’t own cars because they damage the environment. 他接受了我的邀请，然后继续他的评论：人们不应该拥有汽车，因为汽车会破坏环境。

12. behalf n.代表某人

on one’s behalf/on behalf of sb.例如：

On behalf of the entire company, I would like to thank you for all of your excellent contribution. 我代表整个公司对您所做的卓越贡献表示感谢。 coordinate vt.协调；调节。例如：

A senior embassy official is coordinating efforts to free the captives. 大使馆的一位高级官员正在协调各方为释放俘虏所作的努力。

13. deserve vt.①应得，应受到（奖赏或惩罚）。例如：People who confront their

difficulties bravely are people who deserve respect. 勇于面对困难的人是值得尊敬的人。

②（建议、观点或计划）值得考虑、注意等。例如：The suggestion that you have put forward deserve serious consideration. 你提出的建议值得认真考虑。

14. liberty n.①擅自的行为；冒犯的举动；放肆的行为。例如：It would be taking

too much of a liberty if one of my friends used my house while I was away. 如果我不在时，我的一个朋友用了我的房子，那就太过分了。 ② 自由；自由权。例如：He firmly believes that liberty is inseparable from social

justice. 他坚定地认为，自由与社会公平是分不开的。

15. display vt.显示，显露（某种情感、态度或特质） n.展览；陈列；展示

例如： She displayed no emotion on the witness stand. 她在证人席上面无表情。

16. disapprove vi.不赞同；反对

disapprove of sth.例如：He was certain that she would disapprove of his plan to spend the summer doing research at the North Pole. 他很肯定她会反对利用暑假在北极做研究的计划。

17. weave v.①编造（故事等）weave dreams/a story.例如：The author weaves a

complicated plot of romance and intrigue in her new novel. 作者在她的新小说里编造了复杂的故事情节，充满浪漫和阴谋。②织；编织。例如：This type of wool id woven into a fabric which will make jackets. 这种类型的羊毛被织成了做夹克的面料。

18. confess v.承认（使自己尴尬的事情）

例如：I have to confess when I first met Ian I didn’t think he was very bright. 我必须承认，当我第一次见到伊恩时，我并不认为他非常聪明。

19. commence v.开始；着手。例如：Construction of the new bridge will commence

as soon as our company receives the down payment for this large project. 我们公司一收到这歌大项目的首期付款，就会马上开始新桥梁的建设。

20. gaze vi.（常指无意识地）凝视，盯着看。例如：

He spent hours gazing out of the window when he was supposed to be working. 在应该工作的时候，他却茫然地凝视窗外好几个小时。

21. gaze at: （常指无意识地）凝视，盯着看。例如：

He was standing on the bridge gazing down at the river beneath. 他站在桥上，双眼凝视着桥下的河。

stare at: 凝视，盯着看。例如：

In many cultures, it’s rude to stare at people. 在许多文化中，直愣愣地盯着人看是粗鲁的行为。

Note：Both gaze at and stare at mean “look at something fixedly for a long time because of being attracted, surprised, or thinking, etc..”Stare at usually has the

additional meaning of “with ayes widely open”. Also, it usually implies “with great attention”; Gaze at usually implies “in a dreamy and unaware state of mind .”

22. come over sb: （某种感情）突然攫住，突然影响。例如：

A wave of sleepiness came over me. 一阵倦意向我袭来。

23. head for: （朝„）前进；（向„）去。例如：

The ship was head for Cuba, an island country in the Caribbean. 船只正航向古巴，他是一个位于加勒比海的岛国。

24. go along with sb./sth. 同意；支持。例如：Kate’s already agreed to visit my

parents, but it’s going to be harder persuading Mike to go along with it. 凯特已经同意去看望我的父母，但要说服麦克也同意会更难。 25. expel sb. From sth. （从学校或组织中正式）开除。例如：

Each year more than 10 students are expelled from the university for cheating on their exams. 每年有超过10名学生因为考试作弊被该大学开除。