2020 南京信息工程大学《综合英语》

南 京 信 息 工 程 大 学

2019 ─ 2020学年 第 1 学期

综合英语3 课程试卷(A卷)

注意：1、本试卷共 8 页； 2、考试时间 120 分钟； 出卷时间： 2019 年 12 月

3、姓名、学号等必须写在指定地方；

4、本考卷适用专业年级：英语、翻译2018级 任课教师：郑友奇、周志浩、姜萍 专业 年级 班级

学号 姓名

Note: All tasks are to be finished by writing answers on the Answer Booklet.

Part One: Fill in the blanks in each sentence with an appropriate phrasal verb or collocation taken from the box. (10%)

Require of Proceed with Indulge in Come about Better off Descend to occur to Conform to Save up Look for

1. The building dose not safety regulations

2. Having decided on the goals, the business executives the particulars. 3. He put aside some money every month to for a house. 4. You must explain how this dangerous situation . 5. He occasionally that sort of luxuries. 6. What are the qualifications a website designer. 7. They are since the husband was made the manager. 8. Shall we our seminar after the coffee break? 9. It never me that he was a double agent.

10. What some of the traits that you in a presidential candidate?

Part Two: Vocabulary & Grammar (15 %)

Directions: in this part, there are 15 sentences. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Please mark your choices in the Answer Booklet.

1. Most insurance agents would rather you ____ anything about collecting claims until they investigate the situation.

A. do B. didn’t do C. don’t D. didn’t

2. “I’m surely dirty, ____?”

A. am I B. isn’t I C. aren’t I D. am not I

3. I wish you ____Jim so much. He is still very depressed.

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A. not to hurt B. didn’t hurt C. would not D. had not hurt

4. If you _______ in such a hurry you _______sugar into the sauce instead of salt. A were not, would not put B were, would put

C had been, would have put D had not been, would not have put

5. He doesn’t believe I said, makes me sad.

A. that…which B. what…which C. what…that D. which …that

6. We grow all our own fruit and vegetables, ________saves money, of course. A which B as C that D what

7. The artist and the author both tried to ____ the splendor of the sunset. A. depict B. narrate C. describe D. tell

8. The river water was ____from its old course into a new channel where they were building the dam. A. turned B. switched C. shifted D. diverted

9. The unpleasant taste ____in his mouth for hours.

A. prolonged B. waited C. lingered D. lengthened

10. We have ____ the system of exploitation of man by man. A. cancelled B. abolished C. refused D. rejected

11. Please ____me on that subject.

A. enlighten B. acquaint C. inform D. instruct

12. The US president ____in the White House during his turn in office. A. dwells B. settles C. resides D. inhabits

13. The women were able to equal or ____the men who worked beside them. A. surpass B. exceed C. overtake D. lagged

14. In Scotland, as in the rest of the United Kingdom, ____schooling begins at age 5 and ends at age 16. A. compelling B. forced C. obliged D. compulsory

15. dull he maybe, he is certainly a very successful top executive. A. Although B. Whatever C. As D. However

Part Three: Reading Comprehension (20%)

In this part there are several passages followed by twenty questions or unfinished statement, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer. Mark your answers on the Answer Sheet.

TEXT A

The term “fitness” conjures visions of aerobics classes and workouts with weights, yet “being fit” involves

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more than physical exercises. You must take care of all of you，your body and your mind.

One component of fitness is physical fitness, which involves endurance, flexibility and strength.

Regular exercise helps raise your fitness level. To choose an activity right for you, consider your age, natural physical abilities, general health and personal preferences. Walking, rather than jogging, is probably best after 40. If you suffer from chronic back problems, choose an activity with aerobic benefits that also strengthens back and abdominal muscles. If an exercise seems too challenging at first, resist the urge to give up quickly. Instead of hiring someone for yard work, do it yourself. For short distance errands, take a walk or use the stairs. With such life-style changes, you’ll burn more calories naturally and wind up feeling good too. Exercises boost energy and can head off or banish depression, because you have to concentrate on the activity and forget about the worries.

To function at your peak, mentally and physically, your body needs the right fuels. The issue is not “how little can I eat” but “how well can I eat”. The most accessible fuel for the body is carbohydrates (bread, potatoes, etc.). The data suggests a low fat, high-fiber diet is best at lowering risk of heart disease and some kinds of cancer. It is an effective way to control weight. When you eat healthier, you feel better and live better—and that’s what fitness is all about.

1. Generally, “fitness” is thought to refer to . A) physical exercises except aerobic and workouts with weights. B) aerobics and weight-lifting. C) mental exercises. D) both mental and physical exercises.

2. In order to live better, you should do all of the following except . A) eat more potatoes. B) eat more vegetables. C) eat more fat. D) eat more bread.

3. To choose a suitable activity, you have to consider . A) whether it’s suitable for your age. B) whether it is suitable for your body type C) whether it’s to your taste. D) all of the above.

4. Which of the following is true? A) It’s bad for the people in their forties to select walking as their exercise method. B) Consuming excessive energy does you good C) In order to feel better, we should do everything by ourselves, not relying on others or on machines. D) Fitness is all about eating more healthily

TEXT B

Believe it or not, blue jeans have been around for over 130 years. Levi Strauss created the first blue jeans as work pants for gold mine workers in San Francisco. Today, the Levi’s brand is sold worldwide.

Now people around the world have greater and greater passion for the denim clothes. Jeans jackets, jeans shirts and suits can be found in hundreds and thousands of stores and street markets in most countries. Millions of pairs of jeans are produced in American, European and Asian countries each year for the local and international markets. Customers of jeans range from working class to movie stars, the young to the old and the black to the white. The jeans have become a fashion statement.

Jeans today are available in many colors and designs. Young people like to mix and match colors and sizes to

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create different looks. Faded and torn jeans are especially fashionable. Some washed denim clothes giving the effect of dark and light color patches are most popular. Many wearers decorate their jeans and jean jackets. Colorful patches, zippers, chains and tassels are all part of the personal touch. People in America, Japan and Hong Kong decorate their jean jackets in a very artistic way.

Apart from the decoration the most important part of the jeans is the label. From the label alone one can tell the quality and the price of the product and whether it is imported or homemade. Classic labels such as the Levi’s, Jordache and Calvin Klein demand a fair price. Jive, Lawman and the Apple jeans also have much appeal. Local brands in many countries and areas have an uphill battle to gain support. Fake brand name jeans are a big business in many places.

5. Jeans were created in . A) North America. B) Asia. C) Europe. D）an unknown country.

6. Jeans are popular nowadays because __________. A) they are cheap B) anyone can wear them C) they come in many designs and colors D) they are fashionable

7. Apart from meeting local demands, Asian jeans makers export their jeans to . A) Oceania. B) Africa. C) everywhere except America and Europe. D) not mentioned.

8. If your jeans have a hole or even lose their original color, maybe . A) others will advise you to throw it away and buy a new one. B) others will criticize you for your messy appearance. C) others, especially youths, will appreciate your particular style. D) others will look down upon you for your untidy clothes.

TEXT C

Facial expressions carry meaning that is determined by situations and relations. For instance, in American culture the smile is typically an expression of pleasure. Yet it also has other functions. A smile may show affection, convey politeness, or disguise true feelings. It is also a source of confusion across cultures. For example, many people in Russia consider smiling at strangers in public to be unusual and even suspicious behavior. Yet many Americans smile freely at strangers in public places. Some Russians believe that Americans smile in the wrong place; some Americans believe that Russians don’t smile enough. In southeast cultures, a smile is frequently used to cover emotional pain or embarrassment.

Our faces reveal emotions and attitudes, but we should not attempt to “read” people from another culture as we would “read” someone from our own culture. The degree of facial expressiveness one exhibits varies among individuals and cultures. The fact that members of one culture do not express their emotions as openly as do members of another does not mean that they do not experience emotions. Rather, there are cultural restraints on the amount of nonverbal expressiveness permitted.

If we judge people whose ways of showing emotions are different according to our own cultural norms, we may make the mistake of “reading” the other persons incorrectly.

9. People of one culture can express their emotions openly because . A) they experience many more emotions.

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10. 11. 12.

B) they are less restricted.

C) they are more open-hearted.

D) they prefer to “read” other people by speaking first.

The same smiles carry different meanings just because . A) people are different from one another. B) of the difference between nations.

C) people are in different classes. D) of the difference in colors.

In the U.S., a smile is typically an expression of pleasure, it is not the same in . A) Russia. B) Southeast Asian countries. C) both Russia and Southeast Asian countries. D) none of the above.

If in a bus, and Russian stranger smiles at you, maybe . A) he conveys kindness to you. B) he harbors an unknown purpose.

C) he wants you to help him. D) he wants you to know he's happy at the time. TEXT D

The well-known Rushmoore National monument in the United States is erected on the Rushmoore Peak, 1829 meters above the sea level, of the black hills in the southwest of South Dakota. It is a group of huge stone statues of four American presidents: George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, Abraham Lincoln and Theodore Roosevelt. President Washington is the founding father of the country; the 3rd President Jefferson drafted the U.S. Declaration of Independence; the 16th president Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation and the 26th president Roosevelt protected the average people's right to compete fairly with trusts. All the four presidents made outstanding achievements for their country. They were pioneers of U.S. history.

The stone statues of the presidents were built at the suggestion of an historian in the state of Dakota, with a view to carrying forward the U.S. pioneering spirit in eternity The famed artist Gutzon Borglum, a naturalized Danish-American, made the design and was in charge of the project of historic significance. It was the 30th president Calvin Coolidge who announced in 1927 the start of the project. Before the work done, the sculptor passed away at 73 years old. He was then succeeded by his son, and it was not until 1941 that the national monument was finished.

As the stone statues were rather enormous, directional blasting was used. Explosives were used to blow up the peak into models first, and then the stonemasons carved them into statues with tools. The broken stones weighed about 450,000 tons in total. This project was the fruit of arduous work done by a contingent of 360 masons over 14 years. A sum of one million dollars was spent.

13. Only the 1st, 3rd, 16th and 26th presidents were carved on the stone, because . A) after they had been finished, they were no more room for others. B) they all had a good reputation. C) they were very lucky enough to be selected by chance. D) they had all contributed much to the country.

14. What’s the purpose of the erection of stone statues? A) To show that they are honored by the living.

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B) To show the statue art with the help of the fame of presidents. C) To open a new scenery spot for money.

D) To compliment U.S. pioneering spirit and make it permanent.

Which of the following is true according to the passage? A) Rushmore Peak is 1829 meters high.

B) Except for the 1st, 3rd, 16th and 26th presidents, other presidents did nothing brilliant and important. C) Gutzon Borglum was not American in origin.

D) The stone statues were mainly made by masons' carving. TEXT E

Robert Spring, a 19th century forger, was so good at his profession that he was able to make his living for 15 years by selling false signatures of famous Americans. Spring was born in England in 1813 and arrived in Philadelphia in 1858 to open a bookstore. At first he prospered by selling his small but genuine collection of early U.S. autographs. Discovering his ability at copying handwriting, he began imitating signatures of George Washington and Ben Franklin and writing them on the title pages of old books. To lessen the chance of detection, he sent his forgeries to England and Canada for sale and circulation.

Forgers have a hard time selling their products. A forger can’t approach a respectable buyer but must deal with people who do not have much knowledge in the field. Forgers have many ways to make their work look real. For example, they buy old books to use the aged paper of the title pages, and they can treat paper and ink with chemicals.

In Spring’s time, right after the Civil War, Britain was still fond of the southern states, so Spring invented a respectable maiden lady known as Miss Fanny Jackson, the only daughter of General “Stonewall” Jackson. For several years Miss Fanny’s financial problems forced her to sell a great number of letters and manuscripts belonging to her famous father. Spring had to work very hard to satisfy the demand. All this activity did not prevent Spring from dying in poverty, leaving sharp-eyed experts the difficult task of separating his forgeries from the originals.

16. Why did Spring sell his false autographs in England and Canada? A) There was a greater demand than in America. B) There was less chance of being detected there. C) Britain was Spring’s birthplace. D) The prices were higher in England and Canada.

17. After the Civil War, there was a great demand in Britain for __________. A) southern money

B) southern manuscripts and letters C) signatures of George Washington and Ben Franklin D) Civil War battle plans

18. Robert Spring spent 15 years __________. A) running a bookstore in Philadelphia B) as a forger

C) corresponding with Miss Fanny Jackson D) as a respectable dealer

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19. 20.

According to the passage, forgeries are usually sold to __________. A) sharp-eyed experts B) book dealers

C) persons who aren’t experts D) owners of old books Who was Miss Fanny Jackson?

A) The only daughter of General “Stonewall” Jackson.

B) A little-known girl who sold her father’s papers to Robert Spring. C) Robert Spring’s daughter.

D) An imaginary person created by Spring.

Part Four: Cloze (15%)

Directions: There are 15 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D beneath the passage. You should choose the one answer that best fits into the passage. Mark your choice on the ANSWER SHEET.

The task of being accepted and enrolled in a university begins early for some students. Long 1 they graduate from high school. These students take special 2 to prepare for advanced study. They may also take one of more examinations that test how 3 prepared they are for the university. In the final year of high school, they 4 applications and send them, with their student records, to the universities which they hope to 5 . Some high school students may be required to have an interview with representatives of the university. Neatly, dressed, and usually very frightened, they are determined to show that they have a good attitude and the 6 to succeed.

When the new students are finally 7 , there may be one more step they have to 8 before registering for classes and 9 to work. Many colleges and universities 10 an orientation（情况介绍）program for new students. In these programs, the young programs, the young people get to know the 11 for registration and student advising, university rules, the 12 of the library and all the other 13 services of the college or university.

Beginning a new life in a new place can be very 14 . The more knowledge students have about the school, the easier it will be for them to 15 to the new environment. However, it takes time to get used to college life.

1 A as B after C since D before 2 A course B disciplines C majors D subjects 3 A deeply B widely C well D much 4 A fulfill B finish C complete D accomplish 5 A attend B participate C study D belong 6 A power B ability C possibility D quality 7 A adopted B accepted C received D permitted 8 A make B undergo C take D permitted 9 A getting B putting C falling D sitting 10 A offer B afford C grant D supply 11 A processes B procedures C projects D provisions 12 A application B usage C use D utility 13 A major B prominent C key D great 14 A amusing B misleading C alarming D confusing 15 A fit B suit C yield D adapt

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Part Five: Translation (20%)

Directions: Translate the following sentences into English. Write your translation on the Answer Sheet.

1. 他对吃穿都很讲究。（fastidious）

2. 实验结果远远超出了他们的预料。 (surpass)

3. 我每次遇到他，他总是说一大堆无聊的话。 （a whole lot of） 4. 她躲在窗帘后面窥望那陌生人。 (peer)

5. 你应该提前告诉我你将去美国深造的事。 (in advance)

6. 年轻人容易盲目崇拜体育圈和娱乐圈迷人的明星。(make a fetish of )

7. 我感到十分惊讶，他用一种超然冷静的态度分析着威胁他们所有人的危险形势。（detachment） 8. 这个地区的许多手艺人 (artisan) 经营各种各样的手工艺品。(deal in) 9. 他过分宠爱他的孙辈。(lavish)

10. 听到他去世的噩耗，她不胜悲哀。(be overwhelmed)

Part Six: Writing (20%)

Write on the ANSWER Sheet a composition of about 200 words on the following topic.

Some merchants sell their fake goods at the market place for more profit; there are also some government officials who sell people’s trust; senior officials who make money illegally by selling the power in their hands are not a few. So some people hold the view that mankind is selfish and greedy. What do you think? Write on the ANSWER SHEET a composition of about 150 words on the following topic:

Are People Selfish and Greedy Nowadays? You are to write in three parts.

In the first part, state specifically what your opinion is.

In the second part, provide one or two reasons to support your opinion.

In the last part, bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or make a summary.

Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the instructions may result in a loss of marks.

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