职称英语
第1部分：词汇选项(第1～15题，每题1分，共15分)
下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意 义最为接近的选项。
1. She exhibited great powers of endurance during the climb.
A. play B. send
C. show D. tell
2. The eternal motion of the stars fascinated him.
A. long B. never-ending
C. boring D. extensive
3. She could not answer, it was an immense load off her heart.
A. natural B. fatal
C. tiny D. enormous
4. The book made a great impact on its readers.
A. force B. influence
C. surprise D. power
5. Accompanied by cheerful music, we began to dance.
A. pleasant B. colorful
C. fashionable D. different
6. He was not eligible for the examination because he was over age.
A. competitive B. diligent
C. qualified D. competent. 7. Her novel depicts an ambitious Chinese.
A. writes B. sketches
C. describes D. indicates
8. Don't irritate her, she's on a short fuse today.
A. tease B. attract
C. annoy D. protect
9. It is absurd to go out in such terrible weather.
A. ridiculous B. funny
C. odd D. interesting
10. I notified him that my address had changed.
A. informed B. observed
C. mocked D. misled
11. The manager allocate duties to the clerks.
A. assign B. persuade
C. ask D. order
12. The once barren hillsides are now good farmland.
A. hairless B. bare
C. empty D. bald
13. It is postulated that a cure for the disease will have been found by the year 2000.
A. challenged B. assumed
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C. deducted D. decreed 14. We must abide by the rules.
A. stick to B. persist in
C. safeguard D. apply
15. From my standpoint, you know, this thing is just funny.
A. position B. point of view
C. knowledge D. opinion
第2部分：阅读判断（第16-22题，每题1分，共7分）
Eruptions of Mount Saint Helena
On March 27, the US Government scientists made a decision after
they predicted the eruption of Mount Saint Helens; they telephoned all
states and local officials in the area and told them that a serious
eruption was possible at any time. Roads were closed to every one
except scientists and forest keepers struggled to keep curious visitors
away from the mountain.
Shortly after noon on March 27, Mount Saint Helens erupted for the
first time in 123 years. People living north of the mountain heard a
loud boom that shook their windows, and airline pilots flying near the
volcano soon afterwards described a thick black column of ash and steam
shooting more than 2,100 meters into the sky.
Later, scientists found that the explosion had made a new crater (
大坑) in the top of the mountain, not far from the old crater. The
north side of the peak now had a huge bulge (凸出部分) where rock and
ice had been pushed out by the eruption:
A second eruption shook the mountain on March 28. It, too, sent up
a column of black ash high into the sky. By March 29, scientists flying
over the mountain saw that a second crater formed about 9 meters from
the first one. Strange blue flames flickered (闪烁) inside the crater
and sometimes jumped from one crater to the other.
By April 1 the mountain had erupted several more times and the snow
on the north slope of the peak was black with ash. Ash carried by the
wind had fallen on towns as far as 240 kilometers away from Mount Saint
Helens.
During the first week of April, Mount Saint Helens gave scientists
something new to worry about: harmonic tremors (震动) recorded by
scientists showed a big eruption would happen. All during April and
into May Mount Saint Helens continued to shudder (震动) and shoot out
ash. By April 8, the two craters had merged to form a vast hole nearly
a half of a kilometer wide and 250 meters deep.
Scientists' main worry during this time was the growing bulge of
rock and ice on the north face of the mountain. By May 7 scientists
feared the worst. Their warnings led Washington Governor to set up
safety zones around the mountain. The inner \"red\" zone was open to
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scientists only. The outer \"blue\" zone was open only to people who got
special permits. But in spite of these warnings, some people got past
the road barriers and risked their lives trying to get close to the
volcano.
16 American scientists predicted that Mount Saint Helens was to
erupt soon.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
17 Pilots flying at the height of more than 2,100 meters saw a
thick black column of ash and steam shooting up into the air from the
crater.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
18 A new crater, which was to the south of the old one, was formed
after the second eruption.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
19 The quakes recorded during the first week of April in the area
of Mount Saint Helens warned scientists of a new eruption.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
20 Two scientists lost their lives during the second eruption of
Mount Saint Helens.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
21 Most of the dreadful eruptions of Mount Saint Helens took place
in early May.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
22 The eruption of Mount Saint Helens attracted a large number of
foreign tourists.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
参考答案16. A17. B18. B19. A20. C21. B22. C
第3部分：概括大意与完成句子（第23-30题，每题1分，共8分） Air Transportation
Airplanes are used to carry passengers, cargo and mail. Air
transport companies operate scheduled airlines and non-scheduled
services over local, regional, national, and international routes. The
aircraft operated by these companies range from small single-engine
planes to large multiengine jet transports.
The first air passenger services began in 1910, when dirigibles
began operation between several German cities. The first scheduled
airplane service to carry passengers began in the U.S in 1914. Several
experimental airmail flights took place in India, Europe, and the
United States before World War I, but air transport service did not
become a true business until after the war.
During World War Two, intercontinental air transport became firmly
established. After the war the new long-distance transports with
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advanced facilities were increasingly able to avoid storms and strong
wind and make flights more economical and consistent. A new generation
of \"jumbo-jet\" transports began operations in 1970, and the supersonic
transport entered passenger service in 1976.
During the 1970s the number of domestic passengers on U.S airlines
increased about 78%, and during the 1980s the figure was up about 58%.
In 1990 there were 41.8 million international passengers, the figure
was a 75% increase over 1980. The total cargo flown by U.S airlines
almost doubled during the 1980s, from 5.7 billion to 10.6 billion ton-
miles in 1990.
Major airports provide a wide range of facilities for the
convenience of millions of travelers. These range from such basic
services as ticket-sales counters and restaurants to luxury hotels,
shopping centers and play areas for children. International airports
must also have customs areas and currency-exchange counters and so on.
EXERCISE:
1. Paragraph 2 _____.
2. Paragraph 3 _____.
3. Paragraph 4 _____.
4. Paragraph 5 _____.
A Airport services
B Training of pilots
C Beginning period
D Rapid growth in the U.S.
E Development
F Competition
5. Air transport companies use different plans ____.
6. The United States was the country where ____.
7. The forty years from the 1930s to the 1970s was an important
period ___.
8. Nowadays airports provide all kinds of services ____.
A in the development of air transportation
B the earliest passenger flights were successfully operated
C to make travel easy and pleasant for the passengers
D to provide different services
E the shortage of qualified pilots
F traveling by air was very cheap
KEY: C E D A D B A C
第4部分：阅读理解（第31-45题，每题3分，共45分）Where Have All the Frogs Gone?
In the 1980s, scientists around the world began to notice something
strange: Frogs were disappearing. More recent research has shown that
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many kinds of amphibians (两栖动物) are declining or have become
extinct. They have been around for a long time - over 350 million
years. Why are they dying out now?
Scientists are seriously concerned about this question. First of
all, amphibians are an important source of scientific and medical
knowledge. By studying amphibians, scientists have learned about new
substances that could be very useful for treating human diseases.
Further research could lead to many more discoveries, but that will be
impossible if the amphibians disappear.
The most serious aspect of amphibian loss, however, goes beyond the
amphibians themselves. Scientists are beginning to think about what
amphibian decline means for the planet as a whole. If the earth is
becoming unlivable for amphibians, is it also becoming unlivable for
other kinds of animals and human beings as well?
Scientists now believe that amphibian decline is due to several
environmental factors. One of these factors is the destruction of
habitat, the natural area where an animal lives. Amphibians are very
sensitive to changes in their habitat. If they cannot find the right
conditions, they will not lay their eggs. These days, as wild areas are
covered with houses, roads, farms, or factories, many kinds of
amphibians are no longer laying eggs. For example, the arroyo toad (蟾
蜍) of southern California will only lay its eggs on the sandy bottom
of a slow-moving stream. There are very few streams left in southern
California, and those streams are often muddy because of building
projects. Not surprisingly, the arroyo toad is now in danger of
extinction.
There are a number of other factors in amphibian decline. Pollution
is one of them. In many industrial areas, air pollution has poisoned
the rain, which then falls on ponds and kills the frogs and toads that
live there. In farming areas, the heavy use of chemicals on crops has
also killed off amphibians. Another factor is that air pollution has
led to increased levels of ultraviolet (UV) light. This endangers
amphibians, which seem to be especially sensitive to UV light. And
finally, scientists have discovered a new disease that seems to be
killing many species of amphibians in different parts of the world.
All these reasons for the disappearance of amphibians are also good
reasons for more general concern. The destruction of land, the
pollution of the air and the water, the changes in our atmosphere, the
spread of diseases - these factors affect human beings, too. Amphibians
are especially sensitive to environmental change. Perhaps they are like
the canary (金丝雀) bird that coal miners once used to take down into
the mines to detect poisonous gases. When the canary became ill or
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died, the miners knew that dangerous gases were near and their own
lives were in danger.
36 Losing amphibians means losing
A knowledge about fatal human diseases.
B knowledge about air and water pollution.
C a chance to discover new medicines.
D an opportunity to detect poisonous gases.
37 Amphibians lay their eggs
A in any stream they can find,
B in places without UV light,
C only on sand.
D only in the right conditions
38 The arroyo toad is disappearing because
A it has been threatened by frogs.
B it is losing its habitat.
C a disease has been killing its eggs.
D it can't bear the cold of winter.
39 Coal miners once used the canary bird to detect
A poisonous gases.
B air pollution.
C water leakage.
D radiation.
40 Scientists think that the decline of amphibians could
A cause environmental change.
B cause a decline in other kinds of animals.
C be a warning signal for human beings.
D be a good sign for human beings.
参考答案：36 C 37 D 38 B 39 A 40 C
Don't rely on plankton to save the planet
Encouraging plankton growth in the ocean has been touted by some as
a promising way to remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. ___1___.
Adding iron to patched of ocean can make plankton bloom
temporarily. The microscopic organisms suck up dissolved carbon dioxide
from the water，which in turn is replaced by carbon dioxide from the
air. ___2___.
Jorge Sarmiento from Princeton and his colleagues developed a
complex computer model to analyze how factors such as ocean chemistry
and water circulation would affect the process if 160，000 square
kilometers of ocean were seeded with iron for a month. ___3__.
In their scenario, which covers an area 10 times as big as the
largest experiment of this kind ever proposed, fertilizing the ocean
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removes 1 million tons of carbon from the atmosphere- just 0.2 percent
of the carbon dioxide humankind spews out each month.
Rough estimates in the past have predicted similarly disappointing
results. __4__ Says Sallie Chisholm，an environmental engineer from the
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. “But the take-home message is
the same. ___5___.”
A. Its opponents argue, however, that it will stop global warming.
B. Its opponents fear that will damage the marine ecosystem, and
now a computer model shows that the trick would also be remarkably
inefficient.
C. As plankton die and settle on the ocean floor, their carbon is
supposedly locked up in the seabed.
D. They found that 100 years later only between 2 and 11 percent of
the extra carbon that was originally taken up plankton had actually
been removed from the atmosphere.
E. “These are newer and better models,\"
F. Ocean fertilization is not the answer to global warming.
参考答案：B、 C 、D、 E 、F
第5部分：补全短文（第46-50题，每题2分，共10分）
Don't rely on plankton to save the planet
Encouraging plankton growth in the ocean has been touted by some as
a promising way to remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. ___1___.
Adding iron to patched of ocean can make plankton bloom
temporarily. The microscopic organisms suck up dissolved carbon dioxide
from the water，which in turn is replaced by carbon dioxide from the
air. ___2___.
Jorge Sarmiento from Princeton and his colleagues developed a
complex computer model to analyze how factors such as ocean chemistry
and water circulation would affect the process if 160，000 square
kilometers of ocean were seeded with iron for a month. ___3__.
In their scenario, which covers an area 10 times as big as the
largest experiment of this kind ever proposed, fertilizing the ocean
removes 1 million tons of carbon from the atmosphere- just 0.2 percent
of the carbon dioxide humankind spews out each month.
Rough estimates in the past have predicted similarly disappointing
results. __4__ Says Sallie Chisholm，an environmental engineer from the
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. “But the take-home message is
the same. ___5___.”
A. Its opponents argue, however, that it will stop global warming.
B. Its opponents fear that will damage the marine ecosystem, and
now a computer model shows that the trick would also be remarkably
inefficient.
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C. As plankton die and settle on the ocean floor, their carbon is
supposedly locked up in the seabed.
D. They found that 100 years later only between 2 and 11 percent of
the extra carbon that was originally taken up plankton had actually
been removed from the atmosphere.
E. “These are newer and better models,\"
F. Ocean fertilization is not the answer to global warming.
参考答案：B、 C 、D、 E 、F
第6部分：完形填空（第51-65题，每题1分，共15分）
Biological Identification Technologies
When a person walks，the movement of his head，trunk，and limbs(肢
体)are a reflected in changes in his body.A computer stores these
database(数据库).Later，the computer can accurately to these
changes.This is a new biological identification quickly identify an
examinee without disturbing him.
Eve body’S voice is_______(51)into a_______(52)him
according________(53)and it can_________(54).When a person’S voice is
recorded by an instrument，his voice frequency spectrum(频谱)is called
sound print fingerprint，eye.body’S sound print is different.How can a
computer his sound? First，his voice is recorded_________(55)a
fingerprint, everybody’s sound print is different. How can a
computer________(56)his sound? First, his voice is recorded,________
(57)allows the computer to become familiar with his voice.It will then
turn his sound characteristics into a series of digits(数字).These are
the _________(58)on which the computer can distinguish his voice from
another's.
We often bring ID cards，work cards，or driving licenses with US to
_________(59)our identity.If all these cards are forgotten or lost，how
can we prove whom we are? in________(60)，it's not difficult to prove
whom you are________(61)your body itself has identifying markers.Some
are physiological(生理的)features，such as fingerprints，一sounds，
facial(面部的)types and eye color.The computer can________(62)to
identify you.Suppose your features have already been________(63)in the
database.To identify you.we have to take your picture with a camera and
send it to a computer for________(64).First，the computer needs to
reposition this picture according to the position of your eyes，and
then starts to read the ________(65)of your physiological features such
as the ratio of your pupil to the whites of your eyes and the shape of
your nose.Next，it seeks matching records from the database.Finally, it
makes a decision.
51. A parts B changes C positions D directions
52. A identify B inform C affect D bother
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53. A number B card C level D method 54. A soft B loud C unique D clear 55. A With B Like C For D As
56. A distinguish B make C gather D develop 57. A who B where C that D which 58. A reasons B causes C basis D origin 59. A prove B create C hide D protect 60. A all B fact C summary D casewww. 61. A unless B though C so D because 62. A stop B help C mean D continue 63. A stored B borrowed C searched D linked 64. A printing B researching C processing D filing 65. A point B picture C size D message
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2014年职称英语模拟题(第二套)
第1部分：词汇选项（第1-15题，每题1分，共15分）
下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最 为接近的选项。
1.These are their motives for doing it.
A.reasons
B.excuses
C.answers
D.plans
2.The river widens considerably as it begins to turn west.
A.twists
B.stretches
C.broadens
D.bends
3、Henry cannot resist the lure of drugs.
A.abuse
B.flavor
C.temptation
D.consumption
4.These programmes are of immense value to old people.
A.natural
B.fatal C.tiny D.enormous
5.A great deal has been done to remedy the situation. A.maintain B.improve C.assess D.protect
6.John is collaborating with Mary in writing an article. A.cooperating B.competing C.combining D.arguing
7.He is determined to consolidate his power. A.strengthen B.control C.abandon D.exercise
8.Many scientists have been probing psychological problems. A.solving B.exploring
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C.settling
D.handling
9.Hearing problems may be alleviated by changes in diet and
exercise habits.
A.removed
B.cured
C.worsened
D.relieved
10.And the cars are tested for defects before leaving the factory.
A.functions
C.motions
B.faults
D.parts
11.The food is insufficient for three people.
A.instant
B.infinite
C.inexpensive
D.inadequate
12.Thousands of people perished in the storm.
A.died
B.suffered
C.floated
D.scattered
13.But in the end he approved of our proposal.
A.undoubtedly
B.certainly
C.ultimately
D.necessarily
14.For young children，getting dressed is a complicated business.
A.strange
B.complex
C.personal
D.funny
15.In Britain and many other countries appraisal is now a tool of
management.
A.evaluation
B.efficiency
C.production
D.publicity
第2部分：阅读判断（第16-22题，每题1分，共7分）Black holes
Most scientists agree that black holes exist but are nearly
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impossible to locate. A black hole in the universe is not a solid
object,like a planet ,but it is shaped like a sphere(球体).
Astronomers(天文学家) think that at the center of a black hole there is
a single point in space with infinite(无限的) density(稠密). This
single point is called a singularity(奇点). If the singularity theory
is correct ,it means that when a massive star collapses,all the
material in it disappears into the singularity. The center of a black
hole would not really be a hole at all, but an infinitely dense point.
Anything that crosses the black hole is pulled in by its great gravity.
Although black holes do exist, they are difficult to observe. These
are the reasons.
?
No light or anything else comes out of back holes. As a result,they
are invisible to a telescope.
?
In astronomical terms, black holes are truly tiny. For example, a
black hole formed by the collapse of a giant star would have an event
horizon(视界) only 18 miles across.
?
The nearest black holes would be dozens of light years away from
Earth. One light year is about 6 trillion(万亿) miles. Even the most
powerful telescopes could not pick out an object so small at such a
great distance.
In 1994 the Hubble Space Telescope provided evidence that black
holes exist. There are still answers to be found, however, so black
holes remain one of the mysteries of the mysteries of the universe.
16 Black holes are part of space.
A Right B Wrong C No mentioned
17 Black holes exist but are difficult to observe.
A Right B Wrong C No mentioned
18 The center of a black holes is empty.
A Right B Wrong C No mentioned
19 The attraction of two large stars leads to gravity.
A Right B Wrong C No mentioned
20 The sun is the heaviest star in the universe.
A Right B Wrong C No mentioned
21 The nearest black holes are hundreds of light years away from us.
A Right B Wrong C No mentioned
22 The Hubble Space Telescope helps scientists to understand the
nature of the universe.
A Right B Wrong C No mentioned
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参考答案：A A B C C B A
答案解析：
16 A 第一段第二行首句a black hole in the universe???指明本题答案。
本题中space 不是空间，而是宇宙、太空的意思 ，跟课文中universe同义。
17 A 答案在第二段第一句话里：Although black holes do exist, they
are difficult to observe。
18 B 这个陈述是错误的。第一段第三行的句子astronomers think that at
the center of a black hole there is a single point in space with
infinite density。天文学家认为黑洞中心有个密度无限大的点，所以黑洞并不
是空的。
19 C 关于gravity(重力)是怎么形成的，文章中没有提到。
20 C 这个问题——太阳是宇宙中最重的星球——文章中也没有提到。
21 B 第二段给出的第三个原因the nearest black holes would be dozens
of light years away from Earth表明离我们最近的黑洞有dozens of(许多，好
几打)而不是hundreds of(成百上千的)光年，所以本题描述错误。
22 A 最后一段第一句告诉我们Hubble Space Telescope provided evidence
that black holes exist哈勃望远镜提供了黑洞存在的证据，正是通过这种方式
，哈勃望远镜帮助科学家们更好地了解了宇宙的本质。因此该陈述正确。
第3部分：概括大意与完成句子（第23-30题，每题1分，共8分）
Icy Microbes
1.In ice that has sealed a salty Antarctic lake for more than 2,800
years, scientists have found frozen bacteria and algae that returned to
life after thawing. The research may help in the search for life on
Mars, which is thought to have subsurface lakes of ice.
2.A research team led by Peter Doran of the University of Illinois
at Chicago drilled through more than 39 feet of ice to collect samples
of bacteria and algae. When Doran’s team brought them back and warmed
them up a bit, they sprang back to life.
3.Doran said the microbes have been age-dated at 2,800 years old,
but even older microbes may live deeper in the ice sheet sealing the
lake, and in the briny water below the ice. That deeper ice and the
water itself will be cautiously sampled in a later expedition that will
test techniques that may one day be used on Mars.
4.Called Lake Vida, the 4.5-square—kilometer body is one of a
series of lakes located in the McMurdo Dry Valleys of Antarctica, some
2,200 kilometers due south of New Zealand. This lake has been known
since the 1950s, but people ignored it because they thought it was just
a big block of ice. While at the site for other research in the 1990s,
Doran and his colleagues sent radar signals into the clear ice covering
the lake and were surprised to find that 62 feet below there was a pool
of liquid water that was about seven times more salty than seawater.
5.That prompted the researchers to return in 1996 with equipment to
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drill a hole down to within a few feet of the water layer. At the
bottom of this hole, researchers harvested specimens of algae and
bacteria.
6.The researchers will return in 2004 equipped with instruments
that are sterilized. They will then drill through the full 62 feet of
ice and sample some of the briny water from the lake for analysis. The
water specimen will be cultured to see if it contains life. Specimens
from the water are expected to be even older than the life forms
extracted from the ice covering.
练习：
1.Paragraph 2 _____
2.Paragraph 3 _____
3.Paragraph 4 _____
4.Paragraph 6 _____
A. Significance of Testing Techniques for Sampling Microbes in the
Deep Ice Sheet
B. Special Features of Lake Vida
C. Later Expedition on Mars
D. 2004 Revisit Planned for Collecting Lake Water Specimens
E. Antarctic Frozen Life Sampled and Revived
F. Accidental Discovery of Ice-sealed Lake Water in Antarctica
5.Scientists ignored Lake Vida because they thought that a lake of
ice _____.
6.Scientists expect that the life, if found in deeper water below
the ice sheet, _____.
7.What the scientists will do in 2004 _____.
8.The salt concentration in the liquid water of Lake Vida _____.
A. is found to be a great deal higher than that of seawater
B. was of little scientific value
C. may be older than that collected below 39 feet of ice
D. might have come from Mars
E. is to collect some briny lake water for analysis
F. may return to life sooner than microbes frozen in the surface ice
5. Signing the FCTC is only the first step toward__________.
6. Countries that ratify the FCTC will have to, among other
things__________.
7. It is hoped that the FCTC will greatly help to reduce
deaths__________.
8. Much more countries have signed the FCTC that those
that__________.
A. have ratified it
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B. approving it
C. implement its provisions
D. restrict smoking in public places
E. caused by tobacco use
F. including higher tobacco taxes
答案：EAFD BCEA
Adult Education
1 Voluntary learning in organized courses by mature men and women
is called adult education. Such education is offered to make people
able to enlarge and interpret their experience as adults. Adults may
want to study something which they missed in earlier schooling, get new
skills or job training, find out about new technological developments,
seek better self-under-standing, or develop new talents and skills.
2 This kind of education may be in the form of self-study with
proper guidance through the use of libraries, correspondence courses,
or broadcasting. It may also be acquired collectively in schools and
colleges, study groups, workshops, clubs, and professional
associations.
3 Modern adult education for large numbers of people started in
the 18th and 19th centuries with the rise of the Industrial Revolution.
Great economic and social changes were taking place: people were moving
from rural areas to cities, new types of work were being created in an
expanding factory system. These and other factors produced a need for
further education and re-education of adults.
4 The earliest programs of organized adult education arose in
Great Britain in the 1790s,with the founding of an adult school in
Nottingham and a mechanics' institute in Glasgow. The earliest adult
education institution in the United States was founded by Benjamin
Franklin and some friends in Philadelphia in 1727.
5 People recognize that continued learning is necessary for most
forms of employment today. For example, parts of the adult population
in many countries find it necessary to take part in retraining programs
at work or even to learn completely new jobs. Adult education programs
are springing up constantly to meet these and other needs.
23 Paragraph 2 __________
24 Paragraph.3 __________
25 Paragraph 4 __________
26 Paragraph 5 __________
A Necessity for developing adult education
B Early days of adult education
C Ways of receiving adult education
D Growth of adult education
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E Institutions of adult education
F Definition of adult education
27 Some adults want to learn __________.
28 There are various forms of adult education, including
__________.
29 Adult education has been made necessary __________.
30 The earliest organized adult education __________.
A by social and economic changes
B guided self-study and correspondence courses
C by studying together with children
D what they did not manage to learn earlier
E dates hack to the eighteenth century
F mass production
23 C本段的主题是成人教育的不同方式。
24 A本段从社会、经济、工业等因素介绍了发展成人教育的必要性。
25 B本段介绍了早期的有组织的成人教育计划。
26 D本段简述了人们对成人教育的认识和成人教育的发展。
27 D动词learn后面缺的是它的宾语，填入的是个由what引导的宾语从句。
28 B including提示后面要求填入的是前面说的成人教育的各种形式中的若
干种。
29 A has been made necessary被动式的出现说明后面很可能会跟一个by短
语，当然从意义上考虑不应该是C。
30 E date是动词，date back to的意思是“追溯到„„”。
第4部分：阅读理解（第31-45题，每题3分，共45分）
Mobile Phone and Diseases
A study by scientists in Finland has found that mobile phone
radiation can cause changes in human cells that might affect the brain,
the leader of the research team said.
But Darius Leszczynski, who headed the 2-year study and will
present findings next week at a conference in Quebec(魁北克), said more
research was needed to determine the seriousness of the changes and
their impact on the brain or the body.
The study at Finland’s Radiation and Nuclear Safety Authority
found that exposure to radiation from mobile phones can cause increased
activity in hundreds of proteins in human cells grown in a laboratory,
he said.
“We know that there is some biological response. We can detect it
with our very sensitive approaches, but we do not know whether it can
have any physiological effects on the human brain or human body,”
Leszczynski said.
Nonetheless the study, the initial findings of which were published
last month in the scientific journal Differentiation, raises new
16
questions about whether mobile phone radiation can weaken the brain’s
protective shield against harmful substances.
The study focused on changes in cells that line blood vessels and
on whether such changes could weaken the functioning of the blood-brain
barrier, which prevents potentially harmful substances from entering
the brain from the bloodstream, Leszczynski said.
The study found that a protein called hsp27 linked to the
functioning of the blood-brain barrier showed increased activity due to
irradiation and pointed to a possibility that such activity could make
the shield more permeable(能透过的), he said.
“Increased protein activity might cause cells to shrink—not the
blood vessels but the cells themselves—and then tiny gaps could appear
between those cells through which some molecules could pass.” he said.
Leszczynski declined to speculate on what kind of health risks that
could pose, but said a French study indicated that headache, fatigue
and sleep disorders could result.
“These are not life-threatening problems but can cause a lot of
discomfort,” he said, adding that a Swedish group had also suggested a
possible link with Alzheimer’s disease.
“Where the truth is do not know,” he said.
Leszczynski said that he, his wife and children use mobile phones,
and he said that he did not think his study suggested any need for new
restrictions on mobile phone use.
36 According to Leszczynski, how does mobile phone affect one’s
health?
[A] Mobile phone radiation can increase protein activities and such
activities can make the protective shield more permeable.
[B] Mobile phone radiation can shrink the blood vessels and prevent
blood from flowing smoothly.
[C] Mobile phone radiation will bring stress to people exposed to it.
[D] Mobile phone radiation kills blood cells at a rapid speed..
37 What’s the result of the French study?
[A] The harm of mobile phone radiation is life-threatening.
[B] Mobile phone may affect one’s normal way of thinking.
[C] Sleep disorders could result from mobile phone radiation.
[D] A protein called hsp27 is killed by mobile phone radiation.
38 What kind of disease is not caused by the use of mobile phone?
[A] Fatigue.
[B] Headache.
[C] Alzheimer’s disease.
[D] Tuberculosis..
17
39 According to the passage, what would be the future of the use of
mobile phone?
[A] People will be forbidden to use mobile phone.
[B] People dare not use mobile phone because of its radiation.
[C] People will continue to use mobile phone.
[D] There will be new restrictions on the use of mobile phone.
40 Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
[A] The research in Finland found that mobile phone radiation will
affect one’s brain.
[B] Mobile phone radiation can cause increased activity in hundreds
of protein in human cells.
[C] Increased protein activity might cause cells to shrink.
[D] Lszczynski forbid his wife and children to use mobile phone
after his research.
第5部分：补全短文（第46-50题，每题2分，共10分）
Financial Risks
Several types of financial risk are encountered in international
marketing; the major problems include commercial, political, and
foreign exchange risk.
Commercial risks are handled essentially as normal credit risks
encountered in day-to-day business. They include solvency, default, or
refusal to pay bills. The major risk,__1__ which can only be dealt with
through consistently effective management and marketing. One unique
risk encountered by the international marketer involves financial
adjustments. Such risk is encountered when a controversy arises about
the quality of goods delivered, a dispute over contract terms, or__2__.
One company, for example, shipped several hundred tons of dehydrated
potatoes to a distributor in Germany. The distributor tested the
shipment and declared it to be below acceptable taste and texture
standards. The alternatives for the exporter were reducing the price,
reselling the potatoes, or shipping them home again, each involving
considerable cost.
Political risk relates to the problems of war or revolution,
currency inconvertibility, expropriation or expulsion, and restriction
or cancellation of import licenses. Political risk is an environmental
concern for all businesses. Management information systems and
effective decision-making processes are the best defenses against
political risk. As many companies have discovered, sometimes there is
no way to avoid political risk,__3__.
Exchange-rate fluctuations inevitably cause problems, but for many
years, most firms could take protective action to minimize their
unfavorable effects. Floating exchange rates of the world's major
18
currencies have forced all marketers __4__. International Business
Machine Corporation, for example, reported that exchange losses
resulted in a dramatic 21.6 percent drop in their earnings in the third
quarter of 1981. __5__, devaluations of major currencies were
infrequent and usually could be anticipate a d, but exchange-rate
fluctuations in the float system are daily affairs.
Exercise:
A to be especially aware of exchange-rate fluctuations and the need
to compensate for them in their financial planning
B any other disagreement over which payment is withheld
C however, is competition
D so marketers must be prepared to assume them or give up doing
business in a particular market
E Before rates were permitted to float
F After serious consideration
参考答案: CBDAE
第6部分：完形填空（第51-65题，每题1分，共15分）
Car Thieves could Be Stopped Remotely
Speeding off in a stolen car, the thief thinks he has got a great
catch. But he is in a nasty surprise. The car is fitted with a remote
immobilizer and a radio signal from a control center miles away will
ensure that once the thief switches the engine 1 , he will not be able
to start it again.
For now, such devices 2 only available for fleets of trucks and
specialist vehicles used on construction sites. But remote
immobilization technology could soon start to trickle down to ordinary
cars, and 3 be available to ordinary cars in the UK 4 two months.
The idea goes like this. A control box fitted to the
carincorporates 5 miniature cellphone, a microprocessor and memory, and
a GPS satellite positioning receiver. 6 the car is stolen, a coded
cellphone signal will tell the unit to block the vehicle’s engine
management system and prevent the engine 7 restarted.
There are even plans for immobilizers 8 shut down vehicles on the
move, though there are fears over the safety implications of such a
system.
In the UK. an array of technical fixes is already making 9 harder
for car thieves. “The pattern of vehicles crime has changed,” says
Martyn Randall of Thatcham, a security research organization based in
Berkshire that is funded in part 10 the motor insurance industry.
He says it would only take him a few minutes to 11 a novice how to
steal a car, using a bare minimum of tools. But only if the car is more
19
than 10 years old.
Modern cars are a far tougher proposition, as their engine
management computer will not 12 them to start unless they receive a
unique ID code beamed out by the ignition key. In the UK, technologies
like this 13 achieve a 31 per cent drop in vehicle-related crime since
1997.
But determined criminals are still managing to find other ways to
steal cars. Often by getting hold of the owner’s keys in a burglary.
In 2000, 12 per cent of vehicles stolen in the UK were taken using the
owner’s keys double the previous year’s figure.
Remote-controlled immobilization system would 14 a major new
obstacle in the criminal’s way by making such thefts pointless. A
group that includes Thatcham, the police, insurance companies and
security technology firms have developed standards for a system that
could go on the market sooner than the 15 expects.
51. A. off B. on C. at D. of
52. A. is B. was C. were D. are
53. A. can B. have to C. need to D. should
54. A. after B. for C. in D. at
55. A. the B. / C. a D. an
56. A. With B. If C. But D. And
57. A. helping B. being C. get D. be 58. A. whose B. who C. that D. when 59. A. life B. cars C. warning D. problem 60. A. about B. to C. by D. on 61. A. use B. inform C. ask D. teach 62. A. let B. allow C. make D. give 63. A. have helped B. helped C. had helped D. was helped 64. A. speak B. have C. link D. put 65. A. lawyer B. doctor C. customer D. specialist 答案：ADDCC BBCAC DBADC
20
2014年职称英语模拟题(第三套)
第1部分：词汇选项(第1～15题，每题1分，共15分)
下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意
义最为接近的选项。
1.These are their motives for doing it.
A.reasons
B.excuses
C.answers
D.plans
2.The river widens considerably as it begins to turn west.
A.twists
B.stretches
C.broadens
D.bends
3、Henry cannot resist the lure of drugs.
A.abuse
B.flavor
C.temptation
D.consumption
4.These programmes are of immense value to old people.
A.natural
B.fatal C.tiny D.enormous
5.A great deal has been done to remedy the situation. A.maintain B.improve C.assess D.protect
6.John is collaborating with Mary in writing an article. A.cooperating B.competing C.combining D.arguing
7.He is determined to consolidate his power. A.strengthen B.control C.abandon D.exercise
8.Many scientists have been probing psychological problems. A.solving B.exploring
21
C.settling
D.handling
9.Hearing problems may be alleviated by changes in diet and
exercise habits.
A.removed
B.cured
C.worsened
D.relieved
10.And the cars are tested for defects before leaving the factory.
A.functions
C.motions
B.faults
D.parts
11.The food is insufficient for three people.
A.instant
B.infinite
C.inexpensive
D.inadequate
12.Thousands of people perished in the storm.
A.died
B.suffered
C.floated
D.scattered
13.But in the end he approved of our proposal.
A.undoubtedly
B.certainly
C.ultimately
D.necessarily
14.For young children，getting dressed is a complicated business.
A.strange
B.complex
C.personal
D.funny
15.In Britain and many other countries appraisal is now a tool of
management.
A.evaluation
B.efficiency
C.production
D.publicity
第2部分：阅读判断（第16-22题，每题1分，共7分）An Observation and an Explanation
It is worth looking at one or two aspects of the way a mother
22
behaves towards her baby. The usual fondling, cuddling and cleaning
require little comment, but the position in which she holds the baby
against her body when resting is rather revealing. Careful studies have
shown the fact that 80 percent of mothers hold their infants in their
left arms, holding them against the left side of their bodies. If asked
to explain the significance of this preference most people reply that
it is obviously the result of the predominance of right-handedness in
the population. By holding the babies in their left arms, the mothers
keep their dominant arm free for manipulations, But a detaileed
analysis shows that this is not the case. True, there is a slight
difference between right-handed and left-handed femates; but not enough
to provide adequate explanation. It emerges that 83 percent of right-
handed mothers hold the baby on the left side, but so do 78 percent of
left-handed mothers. In other words, only 22 percent of the left-handed
mothers have their dominant hands free for actions. Clearly there must
be some other, less obvious explanation.
The only other clue comes from the fact that the heart is on the
side of the mother's body. Could it be that the sound of her heartbeat
is the vital factor? And in what way? Thinking along these lines it was
argued that perhaps during its existence inside the body of the mother
the unborn baby get used to the sound of the heart beat. If this is so,
then the re-discovery of this familiar sound after birth might have a
claiming effect on the infant, especially as it has just been born into
a strange and frighteningly new world. If this is so then the mother
would, somehow, soon arrive at the discovery that her baby is more at
peace if held on the left against her heart than on the right.
16. We can learn a lot by observing the position in which a mother
holds her baby against her body.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
17. Most left-handed women feel comfortable by holding their babies
in their left arm and keep the right arm free.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
18. The number of right-handed mothers who hold the baby on the
left side exceeds that of left-handed ones by 22%.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
19. The fact that most left-handed mothers hold the baby on their
23
left side renders the first explanation unsustainable.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
20. The fact that the heart is on the left side of the mother's
body provides the most convincing explanation of all.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
21. A baby held in the right arm of its mother can be easily
frightened.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
22. The writer's explanation of the phenomenon is supported by the
fact that babies tend to be more peaceful if held in their mothers'
left arms than in the right arms.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
第3部分：概括大意与完成句子（第23-30题，每题1分，共8分）
Women's Rights Movement
1 Women's rights are guarantees of political, social, and economic
equality for women in a society that traditionally gives more power and
freedom to men. Among these rights are control of property, equality of
opportunity in education and employment, right of voting, and freedom
of marriage. Today, complete political, economic, and social equality
with men remains to be achieved.
2 Male control was obvious from the time of the earliest written
historical records, probably as a result of men's role in hunting and
warfare. The belief that women were naturally weaker and inferior to
men was also found in god-centered religions. Therefore, in most
traditional societies, women generally were at a disadvantage. Their
education was limited to learning domestic skills, and they had no
access to positions of power. A woman had no legal control over her
person, her own land and money, or her children.
3 The Age of Enlightenment and the Industrial Revolution, which
caused economic and social progress, provided a favorable climate for
the rise of women's rights movement in the late 18th and 19th century.
In 1848 more than 100 persons held the first women's rights convention
in New York, and the feminists demanded equal rights, including the
24
vote.
4 In the late 1960s women made up about 40 percent of the work
force in England, France, Germany, and the United States. This figure
rose to more than 50 percent by the mid-1981s. A commission under the
President was established in 1960 to consider equal opportunities for
women. Acts of Congress entitled them to equality in education,
employment, and legal rights. In 1964 the Civil Rights Act, initially
intended only for blacks was extended to women.
5 The objectives of the women's movement included equal pay for
equal work, federal support for day-care centers, recognition of
lesbian(女性同性恋) rights, making abortion legal, and the focus of
serious attention on the problems of forced sex relations, wife and
child beating, and discrimination against older and minority women.
23 Paragraph 2 ___________
24 Paragraph 3 ___________
25 Paragraph 4 ___________
26 Paragraph 5 ___________
A Goals
B History of Women's Rights Movement
C Start of Women's Rights Movement
D Traditional Status of Women
E Rights of Women
F Development
27 In some religions, women were considered ___________.
28 Traditionally the law did not allow women to have the control
over ___________.
29 Women's rights movement started in the ___________.
30 Acts of Congress gave women the right of ___________.
A late 18th century
B equal education and employment with men
C weaker and lower in social position
D early 20th century
E her children
F the rights of voting
参考答案：
23 D 24 C 25 F 26 A 27 C 28 E 29 A 30 B
第4部分：阅读理解（第31-45题，每题3分，共45分）Career With a Uniform
Want to be the next Xu Sanduo? The TV drama Soldiers’Sortie
(Shebang Tuji) might have caused millions of young people to dream idly
of putting on an army uniform and going off to boot camp.
In fact, a large number of students graduating might consider doing
25
just that. Last month, the People’s Liberation Army (PLA) announced
that there will be 120,000 job openings this year for college grads.
So, one out of every 50 grads has a chance if he or she would like to
march down to the local recruiting office. Anyone enlisting will get
preferential treatment in tuition compensation and in job
opportunities.
This decision comes against a backdrop of bad employment news and a
cooling economy. This year’s recruitment quota outnumbers last year’s
39,000 by about three-fold.
“It’s important to pull in fresh, talented people who can deal
with the new equipment and a high-tech military to modernize the nation
’s defense,” said Bai Zixing, a senior officer in the PLA General
Staff Department.
The age limit for college recruits has been raised to 24, and there
’s one more important policy change: Grads who have already
volunteered to sign up can quit if they change their minds after
finding another job before November, the deadline for enlistment. This
gives grads an extra choice in starting a career.
The following is a list of preferential things that college grads
qualify for if they join the army:
A one-time recruitment payment of up to 24,000 yuan, to cover four
years of college tuition and loans (this has to be returned if the
person is forced to leave the army before completing the service
contract).
Priority in promotions and in getting admitted to military
academies.
Anyone with a bachelor’s degree or above and a good performance
record can be promoted to the rank of officer directly, if they meet
certain other criteria. An ordinary soldier may need a couple of years
longer to get there.
Anyone with a junior college degree can go on for a bachelor’s
degree without having to take the entrance exams.
Anyone wanting to take the grad school entrance exam after
completing their service can add 10 points to the exam results.
Anyone getting a merit citation second class can enter grad school
without taking the exam after completion of the service obligation.
There are no restrictions on things like going abroad after the
service period, unless one deals with confidential work in the army.
41 According to the passage, all of the following reasons make many
college grads choose to join the army EXCEPT:_________.
[A] The Story of Xu Sanduo causes young people to dream to put on a
uniform
26
[B] The grads are facing a grim employment situation
[C] The pay from the PLA is relatively higher than the grads can
earn in other jobs
[D] The PLA offers a series of preferential treatments for college
grads who join the army.
正确答案：C
试题解析： C 文章并未提及大学生参军的工资待遇比其他工作所提供的薪酬
高，而A、B、D三个因素均可在文章中找到。
42 It can be inferred that about students graduating consider join
the army_________.
[A] 120,000
[B] 6,000,000
[C] 39,000
[D] 2,000,000.
正确答案：B
试题解析： B 文章第二段说，军队今年给大学毕业生提供了120，000个工作
岗位，而每50个打算参军的大学毕业生中就有1个人有机会去部队工作，因此可以
推知今年约有6,000,000名大学毕业生考虑从军。
43 Besides the backdrop of bad employment news and a cooling
economy, which of the following causes the PLA to raise this year’s
recruitment quota?
[A] The TV drama Soldiers’ Sortie is high in the ratings.
[B] The PLA wants to attract high-quality personnel to meet the
need of hi-tech sector in the nation’s defense.
[C] The PLA is increasing the size of the army.
[D] Some students who have already volunteered to sign up may
change their minds..
正确答案：B
试题解析： B 从第四段可知，除了为缓解毕业生就业压力之外，大规模招募
人才也是科技强军、国防现代化的需要。
44 Why does the author think that the grads are given an extra
chance in starting a career?
[A] The one-time recruitment payment offered by the PLA may ease
the grads’ economic burden.
[B] The grads who join the army have more chances to further their
study after completing their service.
[C] Grads who have already volunteered to sign up can give up
before the deadline for enlistment if they can find another job that is
more suitable.
[D] No restrictions are made on things like going abroad after the
service period..
正确答案：C
27
试题解析： C 文章第五段提及，如果大学毕业生在11月份征兵工作结束前找
到其他更理想的工作，仍然可以改变主意，重新选择职业，这就给为他们提供了
多一次选择的机会。
45 The word confidential in the last paragraph could best be
replaced by _________.
[A] concise
[B] professional
[C] creative
[D] secret.
正确答案：D
试题解析： D 从最后一段可以推测出confidential的意思是“保密性的”，
因此“secret”最为接近。
第5部分：补全短文（第46-50题，每题2分，共10分）
Stars in Their Eyes
The Scientific American Book of the Cosmos edited by David Levy,
Macmillan, ￡20, ISBN 0333782933
Previous generations of scientists would have killed to know what
we know. For the first time in history, we have a pretty good idea of
the material content of the Universe, our position within it and how
the whole thing came into being.
In these times of exploding knowledge there is a definite need to
take stock and assemble what we know in a palatable (受欢迎的) form.
(46)__________
The essays in The Scientific American Book of the Cosmos have been
selected by David Levy, co-discoverer of Comet Shoemaker-Levy 9, which
in 1994 struck Jupiter with the violence of several full-scale nuclear
wars. (47) __________This is certainly a great collection of essays,
but it is not, as the book promises, a seamless (完美的，无缝隙的)
synthesis of our current knowledge.
Nobody can fault the range of articles Levy has included. There are
essays on the planets, moons and assorted debris (碎片) in the Solar
System, and on our Galaxy, the Milky Way. (48)__________
The contributors, too, are stars in their own fields. Not many
books can boast chapters written by such giants as Erwin Schrodinger
and Francis Crick. My personal favorites are a piercingly clear essay
by Albert Einstein on general relativity and an article by Alan Guth
and Paul Steinhardt on the inflationary (膨胀的) Universe.
So much for the book’s content. But Levy has not succeeded in
providing an accurate synthesis of our current knowledge of the cosmos,
which the book jacket promises. Gathering together previously published
articles inevitably leaves subject gaps, missing explanations and so
on. (49)__________ But there isn’t one. In fact, surprisingly for a
28
book so densely packed with information, there is no index.
Collecting essays in this way is clearly a good publishing wheeze (
巧妙的). But this approach shortchanges the public, who would be better
served by an account molded into a seamless whole. (50)
__________However, for the next edition, please, please can we have an
index?
A Tegmark fears he may hold the record for the longest time taken
to read one book.
B In a more positive vein, this is a wonderful collection of essays
to dip in and out of if you already have a good overview (概述) of
current cosmic understanding.
C Levy is an active astronomer and an accomplished writer, so you’
d expect him to provide a broad and accurate picture of our current
understanding of the cosmos.
D Scientific American has attempted to cater to this need by
bringing together essays that have appeared in the magazine.
E To some extent, these could have been plugged with a glossary (词
表) of terms.
F Also included are contributions on the world of subatomic
particles, the origin of life on Earth and the possibility of its
existence elsewhere.
参考答案：
46. D47. C48. F49. E50. B
第6部分：完形填空（第51-65题，每题1分，共15分）
A Powerful Influence
There can be no doubt at all that the Internet has made a huge
difference to our lives. Parents are worried that children spend too
much time playing on the Internet, hardly (1) ______ doing anything
else in their spare time. Naturally, parents are (2) ________ to find
out why the Internet is so attractive, and they want to know if it can
be (3) ________ to their children. Should parents worry if their
children are spending that much time (4) ________ their computers?
Obviously; if children are bent over their computers for hours, (5)
________in some game, instead of doing their homework, then something
is wrong. Parents and children could decide how much use the child
should (6) ______ of the Internet, and the child should give his or her
(7) ______ that it won’t interfere with homework. If the child is not
(8) ______to this arrangement, the parent can take more drastic (9)
______ dealing with a child's use of the Internet is not much different
from (10) ______ any other soft of bargain about behaviour.
Any parent who is (11) ______ alarmed about a child's behaviour
should make an appointment to (12)______ the matter with a teacher.
29
Spending time in front of the screen does not (13) ______ affect a
child's performance at school. Even if a child is (14) ______ crazy
about using the Internet，he or she is probably just (15) ______through
a phase, and in a few months there will be something else to worry
about!
词汇：
drastic / 'dræstik / adj.严厉的，极端的
phase / felz / n. 阶段，时期
arrangement / ?'reind?m?nt / n. 安排
注释：
1. ... make a huge difference ... :„„造成巨大改变„
2. ... children are bent over their computers for hours ... : bend
over: „„埋头苦干，孩子们在电脑上花费了数小时......
练习：
1. A) always B) rarely C) never D) ever
2. A) worried B) concerned C) curious D) hopeful
3. A) harming B) harmful C) hurting D) hurtful
4. A) staring at B) glancing at C) looking D) watching
5. A) supposed B) occupied C) interested D) absorbed
6. A) do B) have C) make D) create
7. A) word B) promise C) vow D) claim
8. A) holding B) sticking C) following D) accepting
9. A) rules B) procedures C) regulation D) steps
10. A) dealing B) negotiating C) having D) arranging
11. A) widely B) heavily C) seriously D) broadly
12. A) speak B) discuss C) talk D) debate
13. A) possibly B) necessarily C) probably D) consequently
14. A) absolutely B) more C) quite D) a lot
15. A) going B) passing C) travelling D) walking
答案与题解：
1. D 此句句意为\"在他们的课余时间几乎不做其他的事情\"，其中 hardly
ever 为固定搭配意 为\"几乎不\"等同于 never。
2. C 考查固定搭配。其中A 选项 be worried about 8th. 意为\"对„„表示
忧虑\";B 选项 be concerned about 意为\"对„„感到担心\";D 选项 hopeful 意
为\"有希望的\"，与句意不符;而 C选项 be curious to sth. 意为\"对„„表示好
奇\"，与句意一致。故选 C。
3. B harmful 泛指伤害，而 hurt 强调情感、精神的伤害，根据题意应选民
4. A四个选项都表示看的意思，stare at 表示\"盯着看\" ，glance at 表示\"
瞟一眼\" ，100k 泛指看，watch 有观察之意。本句句意为\"孩子们花了大量的时
间盯着电脑看\"，故选 A。
5. D 考查固定搭配。此句句意为\"如果孩子在电脑主花费了太长时间，如沉
迷网络游戏不是做功课。\"A 选项 suppose to ..意为\"猜想” B 选项 occupy on
30
sth. 表示\"专注于某事\"，C 选项 interest in 意为\"对„„感兴趣\"，而 D 选项
be absorb in sth. 表示\"沉浸在„„\"，与 句意相符。故选 D
6. C. 考查固定搭配 make use of sth. 表示\"利用\"。
7. A 考查固定搭配。此句意为\"„„并且孩子应该保证这不会干预他的功课
。\"，A 选项 word 意为\"诺言\";B 选项 promise 意为\"许诺，允许尸 ;C 选项
vow 意为\"发誓\" ;' D 选项 claim 意为 仔声称;断言\"，并且 give word to =
promise 表示\"许诺\"，符合句意。故选 A。
8. A 此句句意为\"如果孩子没坚守这个安排„„\"从句子的意思上'看这里有\"
坚持\"的意思， 所以应该在 A 和 B 之间选择，hold to表示\"坚持”，stick to
表示“坚持(信念，理想)“ 选择 A 。
9. D 固定搭配 take step to do sth. 意为\"采取措施做某事\"。
10. B 此句句意为\"„„这样与协商任何关于这样的行为的讨价还价无异。\"A
选项 dealing 意 为\"处理\";D 选项 arranging 意为\"安排，排列\";只有 B 选项
negotiate 意为 谈判，协商\"，与句意相符。故选 B。
11. C 从句子的意思上看这里有\"严重\"之意，只有 C 表示此意。widely表示
\"广泛地\"，heavily 表示\"沉重地\" ，broadly 表示\"广泛地\"。
12. B 从句子的意思上看这里有\"讨论\"之意!，discuss sth. with sb. 表示
\"刷某人讨论某事\"debate sth. with sb 表示\"和某人辩论某事\"。
13. B 从句子的意思上看这里有\"必要\"之意，consequently 表示\"结果是\"。
14. A absolutely 表示\"完全地\"，根据句意，这里没有比较的意思，所以排
除 B ，quite 表示\"相当\"，根据上下文选择 A。
15. A 考查固定搭配。此句的句意为\"„他也许仅仅是在度过个时期，几个月
以后还会 有其他事情去担心。\"B 选项 passing 与 though 搭配意为\"穿越\"C 选
项 traveling 与 though搭配意为\"经过\";D 选项 walking 与 though 搭配意为\"
走过，草率地处理\";而 A 选项 go through 意为\"度过\"，与句意相符。故选 A
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2014年职称英语卫生类模拟题(第四套)
第1部分：词汇选项(第1～15题，每 题1分，共15分)
下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语有底横线，请从每个句子后 面所给的4个选项中选择1个与划线部分意义最相近的词或短语。
1． We should not complain about taxes.
A) feel unhappy
B) say bad things
C) care
D) praise
2. What were the effects of the decision she made?
A) reasons
B) results
C) causes
D) bases
3.People don’t realize how serious this recession has actually
been.
A) know
B) think
C) doubt
D) remember
4.First editions of certain popular books cannot be obtained for
love or money.
A) at any place
B) at any price
C) in any language
D) in any country
5. About a quarter of the workers in the United States are employed
in factories.
A) third
B) fourth
C) tenth
D) fifteenth
6. In a bullfight, it is movement, not the color, of subjects that
arouses the bull.
A) confuses
B) excites
C) scares
D) diverts
7.Passenger ships and planes are often equipped with ship-to-shore
or air-to-land radio telephones.
A) highways
B) railroads
C) sailboats
32
D) aircraft
8. The firemen acted quickly because lives were at stake . A) in danger B) in despair C) out of condition D) out of danger
9.Mary called me up very late last night. A) shouted at me B) visited me C) telephoned me D) waked me
10. Mary gets up at the same time every morning. A) arises B) raises C) arrives D) stands up
11. Helen will leave immediately. A) far away B) right away C) right here D) soon
12.Susan is looking for the dictionary, which she lost yesterday. A) finding B) looking up C) looking at D) trying to find 13.John talked over the new job offer with his wife. A) discussed B) mentioned C) accepted D) rejected
14. While I sympathize, I can’t really do very much to help. A) when B) but C) although D) where
15.A beautiful woman attended to me in that store yesterday. A) waited on B) talked to C) spoke to D) stayed with
答案：ABABB BDACA BDACA
33
第2部分：阅读判断（第16-22题，每题1分，共7分）
下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句 提供的是正确信息，请选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B;如果该句的 信息文中没有提及，请选择C。
Using HIV Virus to Cure Cancer
Scientists are planning to use human immunodeficiency(免疫缺陷)
virus(HIV)，one of mankind's most feared viruses，as a carrier of genes
which can fight cancer and a range of diseases that cannot be cured.The
expels say HIV has an almost perfect ability to avoid the body's
immune(免疫的)defenses，making it ideal for carrying replacement genes
into patients'bodies，according to the Observef
A team at the California-based Salk Institute，one of the world's
leading research centers on biological sciences，has created a special
new breed of HIV and has started negotiations with the U.S.Food and
Drug Administration(FDA)to begin clinical gene therapy(治疗)trials this
year.The first trials are expected to involve patients suffering from
cancers that cannot be cured by surgery although project leader
Professor Inder Verma said the HIV technique would have\"far wider
applications\".
The plan remains very likely to cause controversy since it involves
making use of a virus which has caused more than 22 million deaths
around the world in the past two decades.Verma said that the idea of
using HIV for a beneficial purpose was\"shocking'' but the fierce nature
of HIV had disappeared by having all six of the potentially deadly
genes removed.
Illnesses such as various cancers are caused when a gene in a
patient's body fails to work properly.In the past two years，
breakthroughs in genetics(遗传学)have led gene therapy scientists to
try and replace the genes that do not function normally.
Unfortunately.the body's immune defenses have been known to attack
the modified genes and make them lose their effects before they can
start their task and progress in the field has been held up by the lack
of a suitable carrier.
The HIV virus has the ability to escape frOm。and then destroy，the
Immune defense
cells designed to protect our bodies and this makes it attractive
to scientists as a way of
secretly conveying replacement genes into patients'bodies.
1.FDA has approved the plan of using HIV to cure cancer in humans
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
2.The idea of using HIV for a beneficial purpose has been widely
34
accepted
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
3.HIV can be safely used to cure cancer only if the deadly genes
have been removed
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
4.The HIV virus is an excellent warrior to fight the body's immune cells
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
5.Other countries are also expected to begin clinical gene therapy
trials soon
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
6.It is the lack of money that has held uD the progress in using
replacement genes to cure cancen
A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
7.The HIV virus has caused more deaths in developed countries A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned 答案： 1. B 2. B 3. A 4. A 5. C 6. B 7. C
第3部分：概括大意与完成句子（第23-30题，每题1分，共8分）
阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试 任务：(1)第1-4题要求从所给的6个选项 中为第2-5段每段选择1个正确的小标题;(2)第5-8题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4 个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。
Family Gardening
1. The key to gardening with kids, says Patti Kraemer-Doell, Family
garden coordinator at the new York Botanical Gardens, is “Letting them
experience it themselves. We have tried to guide them, but not tell
them to put the sunflowers here and the tomatoes there. The emphasis is
on developing their imagination and their appreciation for being out in
the garden.”
2. Guidance comes in the form of a string grid that is stretched
across a planting bed, which divides it into one-foot squares. Kids get
35
advice about how many seeds or seedlings to put in each square and how
deep to plant them. Volunteers show kids pictures of how the full-grown
plants will look, so they understand how much room each plant needs.
3. Theme gardens have been a big hit in the program, and are easy
to do in a home garden. Try a barnyard garden, suggests Kraemer-Doell,
using plants whose names have associations with barnyard animals-lambs
ears, hen and chicks, and cowslip, for example. Let kids grow a salsa
garden, with all sorts of tomatoes, hot peppers, onions, and cilantro.
A pizza garden can have basil, oregano, and tomatoes, In a Persian
carpet garden, kids can focus on colored flowers. A seed garden can
include plants that disperse their seeds in different ways, from
milkweed to sunflowers.
4. Kraemer-Doell also suggests trying a sunflower house. Let kids
plant sunflower seeds in a square, leaving space for a door in front.
As the sunflowers grow, put a hay fence around them for protection and
stake if necessary. Plant morning glories or sweet peas around the base
of each sunflower, and they will grow up the stems, eventually forming
a roof over the top. By summer’s end, kids will have a sunflower house
to play in.
5. Some kids might just want to play in the garden, says Kraemer-
Doell. At the family garden, there’s a special place set aside just
for digging and looking at insects and worms. It’s a very popular
spot.练习
1.Paragraph 1________
2.Paragraph 2________
3.Paragraph 3________
4.Paragraph 4________
A. Different Kinds of Gardens
B. Showing Kids the Pictures
C. To Build a Sunflower House
D. How to Plant Seeds or Seedlings
E. The Most Important Point in Family Gardening
F. Kinds of Plants in a Home Garden
5. Pictures of full-grown plants are provided________
6. A barnyard garden will________
7. When autumn comes, children can________
8. In a home garden, children should always be able to________
A. Play games in the sunflower house
B. be planted in a salsa garden
C. include plants with animal names
D. for parents to use as a guide
E. find their own playing section
36
F. for children to refer to
答案：E D A C F C A E
第4部分：阅读理解（第31-45题，每题3分，共45分）
下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项
Natural Medicines
Since earliest days, humans have used some kinds of medicines. We
know this because humans have survived. Ancient treatments for injury
and disease were successful enough to keep humans from dying out
completely.
They were successful long before the time of modern medicine.
Before the time of doctors with white coats and shiny (发亮的)
instruments. Before the time of big hospitals with strange and
wonderful equipment.
Many parts of the world still do not have university-educated
doctors. Nor do they have expensive hospitals. Yet injuries are
treated. And diseases are often cured. How? By ancient methods. By
medicines that might seem mysterious, even magical (有魔力的).
Traditional medicines are neither mysterious nor magical, however.
Through the centuries, tribal (部落的) medicine men experimented
with plants. They found many useful chemicals in the plants. And
scientists believe many of these traditional medicines may provide the
cure for some of today's most serious diseases.
Experts say almost 80% of the people in the world use plants for
health care. These natural medicines are used not just because people
have no other form of treatment. They are used because people trust
them. In developed areas, few people think about the source of the
medicines they buy in a store. Yet many widely-used medicines are from
ancient sources, especially plants. Some experts say more than 25% of
modern medicines come, in one way or another, from nature.
Scientists have long known that nature is really a chemical
factory. All living things contain chemicals that help them survive. So
scientists' interest in traditional medicine is not new. But it has
become an urgent concern. This is because the earth's supply of natural
medicines may be dropping rapidly.
1 The passage indicates that ancient treatments for injury and
disease were
A much more successful than modem ones.
B successful enough for humans to survive.
C successful in all cases.
D of little help to humans.
2 Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A Modern medicines are now available all over the world.
37
B Many big and modem hospitals are expensive.
C Traditional medicines are neither mysterious nor magical.
D Humans have used some kinds of medicines since earliest days.
3 It is believed by scientists that traditional medicines
A can cure all kinds of diseases.
B may cure some of today's most serious diseases
C are no longer useful for modem men.
D are too cheap to be useful.
4 What do the majority of the people in the world use for health
care?
A Strange and wonderful equipment.
B Factory-produced chemicals.
C Modern medicines.
D Plants.
5 It can be seen from the passage that the earth's supply of
natural medicines
A may never be exhausted.
B may be dropping rapidly.
C is surprisingly big.
D is as rich as ever.
答案：1. B 2. A 3. B 4. D 5. B
第5部分：补全短文(第46～50题，每题2分，共10分)
阅读下面的短文，文章中有5处空白，文章后面有6组文字，请根据文章的内 容选择5组文字，将其分别放回文章原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。请将答案涂在答 题卡相应的位置上。
Every Dog Has His Say
KIMIKO Fukuda always wondered what her dog was trying to say.
Whenever she put on makeup, it would pull at her sleeve._______(1) When
the dog barks, she glances at a small electronic gadget. The following
\"human\" translation appears on its screen: \"Please take me with you.\"
\"I realized that's how he was feeling,\" says Fukuda.
The gadget is called Bowlingual, and it translates dog barks into
feelings. People laughed when the Japanese toymaker Takara Company made
the world's first dog-human translation machine in 2002. But 300,000
Japanese dog owners bought it._______(2)
\"Nobody else had thought about it,\" said Masahiko Kajita, who works
for Takara, \"We spend so much time training dogs to understand our
orders; what would it be like if we could understand dogs?\"
Bowlingual has two parts. _______ (3) The translation is done in
the gadget using a database containing every kind of bark.
Based on animal behaviour research, these noises are divided into
six categories: happiness, sadness, frustration, anger, declaration and
desire. _______(4) In this way, the database scientifically matches a
38
bark to an emotion, which is then translated into one of 200 phrases.
When a visitor went to Fukuda's house recently, the dog barked a
loud \"bow wow\"_______(5). It was followed by \"I'm stronger than you\" as
the dog growled and sniffed at the visitor.
The product will be available in US pet stores this summer for
about US$120. It can store up to 100 barks, even recording the dog's
emotions when the owner is away.
A A wireless microphone is attached to the dog's collar, which
sends information to the gadget held by the owner.
B Nobody really knows how a dog feels.
C This translated as \"Don't come this way\".
D More customers are expected when the English version is launched
this summer.
E Now, the Japanese girl thinks she knows.
F Each one of these emotions is then linked to a phrase like
\"Let's play,\" \"Look at me,\" or \"Spend more time with me.\"
答案： 1. E 2. D 3. A 4. F 5. C
第6部分：完形填空（第51-65题，每题1分，共15分）
阅读下面的短文，文中有15处空白，每处空白给出了4个选项，请根据短文的内容 从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案。
Rise in Number of Cancer Survivors
Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United
States,after heart disease.In the (51),it was often considered a death
sentence.But many patients now live longer(52)of improvements in
discovery and treatment.
Researchers say death(53)in the United States from all cancers
combined have fallen for thirty years.Survival rates have increased for
most of the top fifteen cancers in both men and women,and for cancers
in(54).
The National Cancer Institute and the Centers for Disease Control
and Prevention studied the number of cancer survivors.A cancer survivor
is defined(55)anyone who has been found to have cancer.This would
include current patients.
The study covered the period(56)1971 to 2001.The researchers found
there are three(57)as many cancer survivors today as there were thirty
years ago.In 1971,the United States had about three-million cancer
(58).Today there are about ten-million.
The study also found that 64% of adults with cancer can expect to
still be(59)in five years.Thirty years ago,the five-year survival rate
was 50%.The government wants to (60)the five-year survival rate to 70%
by 2010.
The risk of cancer increases with age.The report says the majority
39
of survivors are 65 years and (61).
But it says medical improvements have also helped children with
cancer live(62)longer.Researchers say 80% of children with cancer will
survive at least five years after the discovery.About 75% will survive
at (63)ten years.
In the 1970s,the five-year survival rate for children was about
50%.In the 1960s,most children did not survive cancer.Researchers say
they(64)more improvements in cancer treatment in the future.In
fact,they say traditional cancer-prevention programs are not enough
anymore.They say public health programs should also aim to support the
(65)numbers of cancer survivors and their families.
51.A.past B.present C.future D.old
52.A.due B.because C.despite D.regardless
53.A.chances B.results C.orders D.rates
54.A.men B.women C.children D.people
55.A.as B.by C.at D.for
56.A.between B.from C.during D.since
57.A.numbers B.periods C.times D.rounds
58.A.survivors B.patients C.coctors D.researchers
59.A.strong B.alive C.healthy D.happy
60.A.fix B.lower C.study D.increase
61.A.older B.old C.younger D.young 62.A.very B.rather C.much D.more 63.A.little B.least C.less D.better 64.A.expect B.suspect C.estimate D.think 65.A.small B.growing C.fixed D.mixed 答案：
51.A 52.B 53.D 54.C 55.A 56.B 57.C 58.A 59.B 60.D 61.A 62.C 63.B 64.A 65.B
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