昆明理工大学信息工程与自动化学院学生实验报告
( 2013 —2014 学年 第 1 学期 )
课程名称:存储技术基础 开课实验室: 年级、专业、 班 实验项目名称 同步和异步镜像的建立 教师评语 该同学是否了解实验原理: 该同学的实验能力: 该同学的实验是否达到要求: 实验报告是否规范: 实验过程是否详细记录: 学号 姓名 成绩 指导教师 A.了解□ A.强 □ A.达到□ A.规范□ A.详细□ B.基本了解□ B.中等 □ B.基本达到□ B.基本规范□ B.一般 □ C.不了解□ C.差 □ C.未达到□ C.不规范□ C.没有 □ 教师签名: 年 月 日
一、实验目的
使用Navisphere Manager Simulator实现SAN中针对LUN的同步和异步镜像的建立、删除。加深对数据镜像的概念、同步和异步镜像的区别与联系的理解和认识。
二、实验原理
数据镜像就是为同一份数据保留两个或两个以上的在线拷贝。以两个镜像磁盘为例,所有写操作需要在两个的磁盘上进行;当两个磁盘都正常工作时,数据可以从任一磁盘读取;如果其中任一个磁盘失效,则数据可以从另外的一个正常工作的磁盘读出,从而保证正常数据存取业务能够持续进行。
数据镜像根据采用的写协议不同可划分为两种方式:同步镜像和异步镜像。同步镜像是指“写”操作在原始磁盘和镜像磁盘上都完成后,才向上层通报“写”操作成功;异步镜像虽然同时将“写”命令和数据同时发送给原始磁盘和镜像磁盘,但原始磁盘的“写”操作完成后即可向上层通报操作成功,并不需要等待镜像磁盘完成“写”操作,后者的“写”操作可以通过数据复制进程异步完成。
三、实验内容
分别在“CX1_Prod”和“CX2_Secondary”存储系统中建立至少5个LUN。 在上述两个存储系统之间建立LUN的同步和异步镜像。 检查并确认镜像已经生成。 删除所建立的镜像。
-1-
四、实验步骤
1. Create five LUNs at least on CX1_Prod and CX2_Secondary storage systems respectively. 2. Create a Synchronous Mirror
1) Right click on the CX1_Prod array > MirrorView > Manage MirrorView Connections
Select the connection from the right panel and click Enable. Click OK.
2) Open Storage group w3k-240 on CX1_Prod array. Right click on LUN 1 > Properties> Rename
the LUN 1 to MVS_Source_LUN1
3) Click on the Replication > Configure MirrorView icon from the Task Bar. Read the Welcome
window and click Next.
-2-
From the “Select Servers” window highlight w3k-240 and click Next. From the “Select Primary Storage System” window select CX1_Prod and click Next.
From the “Select Storage LUN” window expand the Storage Group w3k-240, check the box for MVS_Source_LUN1, highlight the LUN in the “Selected LUNs” menu. Click Next.
-3-
4) From the “Select Secondary Storage System” window select CX2_Secondary and click Next.
From the “Select Mirror Type” window read the dialog for the Mirror types and choose“Synchronous”.
Click Next.
-4-
From the “Attribute”
window read the dialog, keep the defaults, and click Next From the “Configuration” window click Next. From the “RAID Configuration” window keep the defaults and click Next.
From the “Select Servers” window, leave the defaults, and select w3k-241. Click Next. Read the Summary window and click Finish. Read the “Results” window click Finish.
-5-
5) Expand and examine the following containers on the Primary ( CX1_Prod) and Secondary
(CX2_Secondary) arrays LUN Folders > Private LUNs LUN Folders > SP A and SP B Storage Groups Remote Mirrors
6) On the Primary array (CX1_Prod) open the “Remote Mirrors” container and expand out all
options.
-6-
Right click on the “Secondary Image” and note the options. Click Promote, read the Warning message, click Yes, then OK.
Did the Primary and Secondary Mirrors switch states? Try promoting the Primary image. What happened? Promote the Secondary Image back to Primary Right click on the Secondary Image and Fracture the mirror. Did the state change? Right click on the Secondary Image and click “Remove”. Right click on the Mirror Name and click “Destroy”.
3. Create a Asynchronous Mirror
1) Creating an Asynchronous Mirror is very similar to a Synchronous Mirror. Open the SG_W3k-240
Storage Group. Right click on LUN 2, Rename LUN 2 to “MVA_Source_LUN2”
-7-
2) Click on the Replication > Configure MirrorView icon from the Task Bar. Read the Welcome
window and click Next. From the “Select Servers” window highlight w3k-240 and click Next.
From the “Select Primary Storage System” window select CX1_Prod and click Next.
From the “Select Storage LUN” window expand the Storage Group w3k-240, check the box for MVS_Source_LUN1, highlight the LUN in the “Selected LUNs” menu. Click Next.
-8-
3) From the “Select Secondary Storage System” window select CX2_Secondary and click Next.
From the “Select Mirror Type”window read the dialog for the Mirror types and choose“Asynchronous”.
Click Next. From the “Attribute” window read the dialog, keep the defaults, and click Next From the “Configuration” window click Next. From the “RAID Configuration” window keep the defaults and click Next. From the “Select Servers” window, leave the defaults, and select w3k-241. Click Next. Read the Summary window and click Finish. Read the “Results” window click Finish.
-9-
4) Note the difference on the“MVA_Source_LUN2”status. MirrorView/A uses snapshots to keep
track of changed data on the source LUN. Check out the following containers by expanding each one and note their contents. Also, verify the mirror has been created on the secondary array under remote mirrors. LUN Folders > SPA and SPB Reserved LUN Pool (should have a “Allocated” LUN on the owning SP) Storage Group w3k-240
-10-
五、思考题:
数据的同步和异步镜像各有什么优缺点?
答:如果单单就RPO和RTO而言,同步远程镜像的得分无疑是最高的。同步远程镜像(同步复制技术)是指通过远程镜像软件,将本地数据以完全同步的方式复制到异地,每一个本地的I/O事务均需等待远程复制的完成确认信息,方予以释放。同步镜像使远程拷贝总能与本地机要求复制的内容相匹配。当主站点出现故障时,用户的应用程序切换到备份的替代站点后,被镜像的远程副本可以保证业务继续执行而没有数据的丢失。换言之,同步远程镜像的RPO值为零(即:不丢失任何数据),RTO也是以秒或分为计算单位。不过,由于往返传播会造成延时较长,而且本地系统的性能是与远程备份设备直接挂钩的,所以,同步远程镜像仅限于在相对较近的距离上应用,主从镜像系统之间的间隔一般不能超过160公里(约合100英里)。
异步远程镜像(异步复制技术)则由本地存储系统提供给请求镜像主机的I/O操作完成确认信息,保证在更新远程存储视图前完成向本地存储系统输出/输入数据的基本操作,也就是说它的RPO值可能是以秒计算的,也可能是以分或小时为计算单位。它采用了“存储转化(store-and-forward)”技术,所有的I/O操作是在后台同步进行的,这使得本地系统性能受到的影响很小,大大缩短了数据处理时的等待时间。异步远程镜像具有“对网络带宽要求小,传输距离长(可达到1000公里以上)”的优点。不过,由于许多远程的从镜像系统“写”操作是没有得到确认的,当由于某种原因导致数据传输失败时,极有可能会破坏主从系统的数据一致性。
同步远程镜像与异步远程镜像最大的优点就在于,将因灾难引发的数据损耗风险降低到最低(异步)甚至为零(同步);其次,一旦发生灾难,恢复进程所耗费的时间比较短。这是因为建立远程数据镜像,是不需要经由代理服务器的,它可以支持异构服务器和应用程序。
-11-