2019年12月六级考试(第三套)

PartⅠWriting(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessayontheimportanceofhavingasenseofsocialresponsibility.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsbutnomorethan200words.PartⅡListeningComprehension六级考试每次仅考两套听力，第三套听力试题同第一套或第二套试题一致(30minutes)PartⅢReadingComprehension(40minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Questions26to35arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Thepersistenthazeovermanyofourcitiesisareminderofthepollutedairthatwebreathe,over80%oftheworld'surbanpopulationisbreathingairthatfailstomeetWorldHealthOrganizationguidelines,andanestimated4.5millionpeopledied26fromoutdoorairpollutionin2015.Globally,urbanpopulationsareexpectedtodoubleinthenext40years,andanextra2billionpeoplewillneednewplacestolive,aswellasservicesandwaystomovearoundtheircities.Whatismoreimportant,thedecisionsthatwemakenowaboutthedesignofourcitieswill27theeverydaylivesandhealthofthecominggenerations.Sowhatwouldasmug-free,oratleastlow-pollution,citybelike?Traffichasbecome28withairpollution,andmanycountriesintendtobanthesaleofnewpetrolanddieselcarsinthenexttwodecades.Butsimply29toelectriccanwillnotmeanpollution-freecities.Thelevelofemissionstheycausewilldependonhowtheelectricitytorunthemis30,whilebrakes,tyresandtoadsallcreatetinyairborne31astheywearout.Acrossthedevelopedworld,earuseisindeclineasmorepeoplemovetocitycenters,whileyoungpeopleespeciallyare32forothermeansoftravel.Researchersarealreadyaskingifmotorvehicleusehasreachedits33andwilldecline,buttransportplannershaveyettocatchupwiththis34,insteadoflayingnewroadstotackletrafficjams.AsusersofLondon'sorbitalM25motorwaywillknow,newroadsrapidlyfillwithmoretraffic.IntheUS,studieshaveshownthatdoublingthesizeofaroadcan35doublethetraffic,takingusbacktothestartingpoint.A)alternateI)particlesB)crownJ)peakC)determineK)prematurelyD)generatedL)simplyE)locatingM)switchingF)mergedN)synonymousG)miniaturesO)trendH)opting2019.12CET6卷3第1页(共7页)SectionBDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.HowMuchProteinDoYouReallyNeed?A)Themarketingistempting:Getstrongermusclesandhealthierbodieswithminimaleffortbyaddingproteinpowdertoyourmorningshakeorjuicedrink.Orgrabaproteinbaratlunchorforaquicksnack.Today,youcanfindproteinsupplementseverywhere—onlineoratthepharmacy,grocerystoreorhealthfoodstore.Theycomeinpowders,pillsandbars.Withmorethan$12billioninsalesthisyear,theindustryisboomingand,accordingtothemarketresearchcompany,GrandViewResearch,isontracktosellbillionsmoreby2025.Butdowereallyneedallthissupplementalprotein?Itdepends.Therearepros,consandsomeotherthingstoconsider.B)Forstarters,proteiniscriticalforeverycellinourbody.Ithelpsbuildnails,hair,bonesandmuscles.Itcanalsohelpyoufeelfullerlongerthaneatingfoodswithoutprotein.And,unlikenutrientsthatarefoundonlyinfewfoods,proteinispresentinallfoods.\"ThetypicalAmericandietisalothigherinproteinthanalotofusthink,\"saysregistereddietitianAngelaPipitone.\"It’sinfoodsmanyofusexpect,suchasbeef,chickenandothertypesofmeatanddairy.Butit'salsoinfoodsthatmaynotcomeimmediatelytomindlikevegetables,fruit,beansandgrains.\"C)TheU.S.government’srecommendeddailyallowance(RDA)fortheaverageadultis50to60gramofproteinaday.Thismaysoundlikealot,butPipitonesays:\"Wegetbitsofproteinhereandthereandthatreallyaddsupthroughouttheday.\"Take,forexample,breakfast.Ifyoueattwoeggstoppedwithalittlebitofcheeseandanorangeontheside,youalreadyhave22gramsofprotein.Eachegggivesyou7grams,thecheesegivesyouabout6gramsandtheorange—about2grams.Addalunchofchicken,riceandbroccoli(西兰花),andyouarealreadyovertherecommended50grams.“YoucangetenoughproteinandmeettheRDAbeforeyouevengettodinner,saysPipitone.D)Soifit'ssoeasytogetyourproteininfood,whyaddmoreintheformofpowders,snackbarsoraboostatyourlocaljuicebar?Noneedto,saysPipitone,because,infact,mostofusalreadygetenoughproteininourdict.“Wholefoodsarealwaysthebestoptionratherthanaddingsupplements,”thesays,notingtheFDAdoesnotregulatesupplementsasrigorouslyasfoodsordrugs.Sotherecouldbelessprotein,moresugarandsomeadditivesyouwouldn'texpect,suchascaffeine(咖啡因).E)Ifyouareconsideringasupplement,readthelistofingredients,shesays,althoughthisisnotalwaysreliable.\"I'veseenveryexpensiveproteinsupplementsthatclaimtobehighqualitybuttheymightnotreallybebeneficialfortheaveragehealthyadult,\"shesays.\"Itcouldjustbeawasteofmoney.\"F)Buttherearecertainsituationsthatdowarrantextraprotein.\"Anytimeyou'rerepairingorbuildingmuscle.\"Pipitonesays,suchasifyoureanextremeenduranceathlete,trainingforamarathon,oryou'reabodybuilder.Ifyouremoderatelyexercisingfor150minutesaweek,astheCentersforDiseaseControlandPreventionrecommends,orlessthanthat,youreprobablynotanextremeathlete.Extremeathletesexpendlotsofenergybreakingdownandrepairingandbuildingmuscles.Proteincangivethemtheedgetheyneedtospeedthatprocess.G)Veganscanbenefitfromproteinsupplementssincetheydonoteatanimal-basedproteinsourceslikemeat,dairyoreggs.And,forsomeonealwayson-the-gowhomaynothavetimeforameal,aproteinsnackbarcanbeagoodoptionforoccasionalmealreplacement.Also,individualsrecoveringfromsurgeryoraninjurycanalsobenefitfromextraprotein.So,too,canolderpeople.Ataroundage60,\"musclesreallystarttobreakdown,\"2019.12CET6卷3第2页(共7页)saysKathrynStarr,anagingresearcher,\"andbecauseofthat,theproteinneedsofanolderadultactuallyincrease.\"H)Infact,alongwithhercolleagueConnieBales.Starrrecentlyconductedasmallstudythatfoundthataddingextraproteinfoodstothedietofobeseolderindividualswhoweretryingtoloseweightstrengthenedtheirmuscles.Participantsinthestudywereseparatedintotwogroups—onegroupwasaskedtoeat30gramsofproteinpermealintheformofwholefoods.Thatmeanttheywereeating90gramsofproteinaday.Theothergroup—thecontrolgroup—wasputonatypicallow-caloriedietwithabout50to60gramsofproteinaday.Aftersixmonths,researchersfoundthehighproteingrouphadsignificantlyimprovedtheirmusclefunction-almosttwiceasmuchasthecontrolgroup.\"Theywereabletowalkfaster,hadimprovedbalance,andwerealsoabletogetupoutofachairfasterthanthecontrolgroup.\"Starrsays.All67participantswereover60yearsofage,andbothgroupslostaboutthesameamountofweight.I)Starrisrowlookingintowhetherhigh-proteindietsalsoimprovethequalityofthemuscleitselfinseniors.She'susingCTscanstomeasuremusclesizeandfat,andcomparingseniorsonahigh-proteindietwiththoseonregulardiets.Shesaysherfindingsshouldbeavailableinacoupleofmonths.J)Inthemeantime,70-year-oldCorlissKeith,whowasinthehighproteingroupinStarrslateststudy,saysthefeelsabigdifference.\"Ifeelexcellent,\"shesays.\"IfeellikeIhaveadifferentbody.Ihavemoreenergy.I’mstronger.\"ShesayssheisabletotakeZumbaexerciseclassesthreetimesaweek,workoutonthetreadmill(跑步机),andtakelong,briskwalks.Keithalsolostmorethan15pounds.\"I'mafashionableperson,sonowI'mbackinmy3-inchheels,\"shesays.K)Aspeopleage,Starrsaysmusclestrengthiskeytohelpingthemstaystrongandcontinuelivingontheirownintheirownhome.\"Ifeelverymuchalivenow,\"saysKeith.\"IfeellikeIcouldstaybymyselfuntilI'm100.\"L)Butcanpeopleoverdoprotein?Pipitonesaysyoudohavetobecareful.Otherresearcherssaytoomuchproteincancausecramps(痉挛),headaches,andfatigue.Dehydration(脱水)isalsoariskwhenyoueattoomuchprotein.Pipitonesaysifyouincreaseprotein,youalsohavetoincreaseyourfluidintake.\"Ialwaystellpeopletomakesurethey'redrinkingenoughfluids,\"whichfortheaveragepersonis60to70ouncesaday,whichtranslatesintoeight8-ounceglassesofwaterorliquidperday.M)Therehavebeensomeindicationsthatextraproteinmakesthekidneysworkharder,whichcouldbeproblematicforindividualswithahistoryofkidneydiseaseandforthem,thesupplementsmayincreasetheriskofkidneystones,thesays.N)Bottomline,ifyouthinkyouneedmoreproteininyourdiet,considerthesequestions:Areyouanextremeathlete;areyourecoveringfrominjuryorsurgery;orareyou60yearsorolder?Ifso,addinghighproteinfoodslikeeggsandmeatproductstoyourdietcanbebeneficial.And,ifyou’renotsure,inisalwaysagoodideatocheckwithyourprimarycareprovider.36.Itisquiteeasyforonetotakeintherecommendedamountofprotein.37.Pipitoneclaimsthathealthyadultsneednotspendmoneyonproteinsupplements.38.Theproteinsupplementbusinessisfoundtobethriving.39.Proteincanspeedtherepairingofdamagedmuscles.40.Proteinsupplementsmayoverburdensomeinternalorgan,thusleadingtoitsmalfunctioning.41.Olderadultsneedtotakeinmoreproteintokeeptheirmusclesstrong.42.Proteinisfoundinmorefoodsthanpeoplemightrealize.43.Additionalproteinwasfoundtohelpstrengthenthemusclesofoverweightseniorsseekingweightloss.44.Pipitonebelievesthatwholefoodsprovidethebestsourceofprotein.45.Peopleareadvisedtodrinkmoreliquidwhentheytakeinmoreprotein.SectionC2019.12CET6卷3第3页(共7页)Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Lastyear,achildwasbornatahospitalintheUKwithherheartoutsideherbody.Fewbabiessurvivethisrarecondition,andthosewhodomustendurenumerousoperationsandarelikelytohavecomplexneeds.Whenhermotherwasinterviewed,threeweeksafterherdaughter'sbirth,shewasaskedifshewaspreparedforwhatmightbeadaunting(令人生畏的)taskcaringforher.Sheansweredwithouthesitationthat,asfarasshewasconcerned,thiswouldbea“privilege”.Rarelyhastherebeenabetterexampleofthepowerofattitude,oneofourmostpowerfulpsychologicaltools.Ourattitudesallowustoturnmistakesintoopportunities,andlossintothechancefornewbeginnings.Anattitudeisasettledwayofthinking,feelingand/orbehavingtowardsparticularobjects,people,eventsorideologies.Weuseourattitudestofilter,interpretandreacttotheworldaroundus.Youweren'tbornwithattitudes;rathertheyarealllearned,andthishappensinanumberofways.Themostpowerfulinfluencesoccurduringearlychildhoodandincludebothwhathappenedtoyoudirectly,andwhatthosearoundyoudidandsaidinyourpresence.Asyouacquireadistinctiveidentity,yourattitudesarefurtherrefinedbythebehaviorofthosewithwhomyouidentify—yourfamily,thoseofyourgenderandculture,andthepeopleyouadmire,eventhoughyoumaynotknowthempersonally.Friendshipsandotherimportantrelationshipsbecomeincreasinglyimportant,particularlyduringadolescence.Aboutthatsametimeandthroughoutadulthood,theinformationyoureceive,especiallywhenideasarerepeatedinassociationwithgoalsandachievementsyoufindattractive,alsorefinesyourattitudes.Manypeopleassumethatourattitudesareinternallyconsistent,thatis,thewayyouthinkandfeelaboutsomeoneorsomethingpredictsyourbehaviortowardsthem.However,maystudieshavefoundthatfeelingsandthoughtsdon’tnecessarilypredictbehavior.Ingeneral,yourattitudeswillbeinternallyconsistentonlywhenthebehavioriseasy,andwhenthosearoundyouholdsimilarbeliefs.That'swhy,forexample,maysaytheybelieveinthebenefitsofrecyclingorexercise,butdon'tbehaveinlinewiththeirviews,becauseittakesawareness,effortandcouragetogobeyondmerelystatingthatyoubelievesomethingisagoodidea.Oneofthemosteffectivewaystochangeanattitudeistostartbehavingasifyoualreadyfeelandthinkthewayyoudpreferto.Takesometimetoreflectonyourattitudes,tothinkaboutwhatyoubelieveandwhy.Isthereanythingyouconsideraburdenratherthanaprivilege?Itso,startbehaving—rightnow—asifthelatteristhecase.46.Whatdowelearnfromthepassageaboutattitude?A)Itshapesourbeliefsandideologies.B)Itimprovesourpsychologicalwellbeing.C)Itdetermineshowwerespondtoourimmediateenvironment.D)Itchangesthewaywethink,feelandinteractwithoneanother.47.Whatcancontributetotherefinementofone’sattitude,accordingtothepassage?A)Theiridols'behaviors.C)Theircontactwiththeoppositegender.B)Theireducationallevel.D)Theirinteractionwithdifferentcultures.48.Whatdomanystudiesfindaboutpeople'sfeelingsandthoughts?A)Theymaynotsuggesthowapersonisgoingtobehave.B)Theyareinawayconsistentwithaperson'smentality.C)Theymaynotfindexpressionininterpersonalrelations.2019.12CET6卷3第4页(共7页)D)Theyareinlinewithaperson'sbehaviornomatterwhat.49.Howcomemanypeopledon'tdowhattheybelieveisgood?A)Theycan'taffordthetime.C)Theyarehypocritical.B)Theyhavenoideahowto.D)Theylackwillpower.50.Whatisproposedasastrategytochangeattitude?A)Changingthingsthatrequireone’simmediateattention.B)Startingtoactinawaythatembodiesone’saspirations.C)Adjustingone’sbehaviorgraduallyoveraperiodoftime.D)Consideringwaysofreducingone’spsychologicalburdens.PassageTwoQuestions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Industrialfishingforkrill(磷虾)intheunspoiltwatersaroundAntarcticaisthreateningthefutureofoneoftheworld'slastgreatwildernesses,accordingtoanewreport.ThestudybyGreenpeaceanalysedthemovementsofkrillfishingvesselsintheregionandfoundtheywereincreasinglyoperating\"intheimmediatevicinityofpenguincoloniesandwhalefeedinggrounds\".Italsohighlightsincidentsoffishingboatsbeinginvolvedingroundings,oilspillsandaccidents,whichposedaseriousthreattotheAntarcticecosystem.Thereport,publishedonTuesday,comesamidgrowingconcernabouttheimpactoffishingandclimatechangeontheAntarctic.AglobalcampaignhasbeenlaunchedtocreateanetworkofoceansanctuariestoprotecttheseasintheregionandGreenpeaceiscallingforanimmediatehalttofishinginareasbeingconsideredforsanctuarystatus.FridaBengtssonfromGreenpeace’sProtecttheAntarcticcampaignsaid:\"Ifthekrillindustrywantstoshowit'saresponsibleplayer,thenitshouldbevoluntarilygettingoutofanyareawhichisbeingproposedasanoceansanctuary,andshouldinsteadbebackingtheprotectionofthesehugetractsoftheAntarctic.\"AglobalcampaignhasbeenlaunchedtoturnahugetractofAntarcticseasintooceansanctuaries,protectingwildlifeandbanningnotjustkrillfishing,butallfishing.OnewascreatedintheRossSeain2016,anotherreserveisbeingproposedinavastareaoftheWeddellSea,andathirdsanctuaryisunderconsiderationintheareawestoftheAntarcticPeninsula—akeykrillfishingarea.TheCommissionfortheConservationofAntarcticMarineLivingResources(CCAMLR)managestheseasaroundAntarctica.ItwilldecideontheWeddellSeasanctuaryproposalataconferenceinAustraliainOctober,althoughadecisiononthepeninsulasanctuaryisnotexpecteduntillater.KeithReid,asciencemanageratCCAMLR,saidthattheorganisationsought\"abalancebetweenprotection,conservationandsustainablefishingintheSouthernOcean.\"Hesaidalthoughmorefishingwastakingplacenearerpenguincoloniesitwasoftenhappeninglaterintheseasonwhenthesecolonieswereempty.\"ThecreationofasystemofmarineprotectedareasisakeypartofongoingscientificandpolicydiscussionsinCCAMIR,\"headded.\"Ourlong-termoperationintheregiondependsonahealthyandthrivingAntarcticmarineecosystem,whichiswhywehavealwayshadanopendialoguewiththeenvironmentalnon-governmentalorganizations.Westronglyintendtocontinuethisdialogue,includingtalkswithGreenpeace,todiscussimprovementsbasedonthelatestscientificdata.Wearenottheonestodecideontheestablishmentofmarineprotectedareas,butwehopetocontributepositivelywithourknowledgeandexperience.\"51.WhatdoesGreenpeace'sstudyfindaboutkrillfishing?A)Itcausedagreatmanypenguinsandwhalestomigrate.B)Itwasdeprivingpenguinsandwhalesoftheirhabitats.C)Itwascarriedouttooclosetothehabitatsofpenguinsandwhales.2019.12CET6卷3第5页(共7页)D)ItposedanunprecedentedthreattothewildlifearoundAntarctica.52.Forwhatpurposehasaglobalcampaignbeenlaunched?A)ToreducetheimpactofclimatechangeonAntarctica.B)ToestablishconservationareasintheAntarcticregion.C)ToregulatekrillfishingoperationsintheAntarcticseas.D)Topublicisetheconcernabouttheimpactofkrillfishing.53.WhatisGreenpeacesrecommendationtothekrillindustry?A)Optingtooperateawayfromthesuggestedconservationareas.B)VolunteeringtoprotecttheendangeredspeciesintheAntarctic.C)Refrainingfromkrillfishingthroughoutthebreedingseason.D)Showingitssenseofresponsibilitybyleadingtheglobalcampaign.54.WhatdidCCAMLRaimtodoaccordingtoitssciencemanager?A)RaisepublicawarenessofthevulnerabilityofAntarcticspecies.B)BanallcommercialfishingoperationsintheSouthernOcean.C)Keepthepenguincoloniesfromallfishinginterference.D)SustainfishingwithoutdamagingtheAntarcticecosystem.55.HowdoesCCAMLRdefineitsroleintheconservationoftheAntarcticenvironment?A)Acoordinatorinpolicydiscussions.C)Aprovideroftheneededexpertise.B)Anauthorityonbigdataanalysis.D)Aninitiatorofmarinesanctuaries.PartⅣTranslation(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestotranslateapassagefromChineseintoEnglish.YoushouldwriteyouransweronAnswerSheet2.梅花(plumblossom)位居中国十大名花之首，源于中国南方，已有三千多年的栽培和种植历史。隆冬时节，五颜六色的梅花不畏严寒，迎着风雪傲然绽放。在中国传统文化中，梅花象征着坚强、纯洁、高雅，激励人们不畏艰难、砥砺前行。自古以来，许多诗人和画家从梅花中获取灵感，创作了无数不朽的作品。普通大众也都喜爱梅花，春节期间常用于家庭装饰。南京市已将梅花定为市花，每年举办梅花节，成千上万的人冒着严寒到梅花山踏雪赏梅。2019.12CET6卷3第6页(共7页)2019年12月大学英语六级考试参考答案(第3套)

PartⅠWriting【范文】Thereisnodoubtinsayingthathavingastrongsenseofresponsibilityisofgreatsignificanceforsocialharmony,whichshouldnotbeignoredbytheyounggeneration.However,withtheincreasinglyfiercecompetitioninmodernsociety,agrowingnumberofyoungsterstendtobeundertremendouspressure.Asaresult,theyaremorelikelytofocusontheirownshort-terminterests,ignoringthevalueofsocialresponsibility.Acaseinpointisthedeclineofsocialethicsandmorality.Asamatteroffact,nowadays,anumberofcitizensarenotwillingtohelpotherswhoareinneedofhelpandindifferenttotheirsuffering.Ifweleftthecurrentsituationalone,hardlycouldweliveinaharmoniousandlovingsociety.Inconclusion,itisimperativetotakesomecorrespondingmeasures.Foronething,themassmediashouldenhancethepublicity,enlighteningtheyoungastocultivatingstrongsenseofsocialresponsibility.Foranother,itisadvisablethatindividualsshouldpaymoreattentiontowhatwillbenefitusallinthefuture.PartⅡListeningComprehension略PartⅢReadingComprehension26～30：KCNMD31～35：IHJOL36～40：CEAFM41～45：GBHDL46～50：CAADB51～55：CBADCPartⅣTranslation【参考译文】Plumblossom,whichoriginatedinsouthChina,topsthetenmostfamousflowersofChinaandhasaplantinghistoryofmorethan3000years.Inmid-winter,colorfulplumflowersblossomboldlyagainstthecold.IntraditionalChineseculture,plumblossom,whichsymbolizestoughness,purityandgrace,motivatesalargebodyofindividualstomoveonregardlessofthehardship.Manypoetsandpaintersgainedinspirationfromtheflowerandcreatedcountlessimmortalworkseversinceancienttimes.Ordinarypeoplealsoloveplumblossom,andoftenusethemtodecoratetheirhomeduringtheSpringFestival.NanjingCityhasdesignatedplumblossomasthecityflowerandholdstheflowerfestivaleveryyear.ThousandsofpeoplewillvisitMeihuaMountaintoadmiretheplumblossominsnowdespiteofthecoldness.2019.12CET6卷3第7页(共7页)