高级英语第三版第一册课后paraphrase & translation&Word expression

Lesson Three Paraphrase(P56)

1. Ogilvie said these words with great contempt and sudden rudeness as if he

was spitting. He threw away his pretended politeness.

2. When they find who killed the mother and the kid and then ran away,

they’ll deal out the maximum punishment, and they will not care who will be punished in this case or what their social position is.

3. The Duchess was supported by her arrogance coming from her noble family

who had belonged to the nobility for more than three hundred years. So she did not give in easily.

4. The Duchess was a good actress and she appeared so firm about their

innocence that, for a brief moment, Ogilvie felt unsure if his assumption about them was right. But the moment was very short and passed quickly.

5. The house detective was in no hurry. He enjoyed his cigar and puffed a

cloud of blue cigar smoke in a relaxed manner. At the same time, his eyes were fixed disdainfully on the Duchess as if he was openly daring her to object to his smoking a cigar, as she had done earlier.

6. If anybody who stays in this hotel does anything wrong, improper or

unusual, I always get to know about it. There isn’t much that can escape me.

7. The Duchess kept firm and tight control of her mind which is working

quickly. The Duchess is thinking quickly, but at the same time keeping her thoughts under control.

8. Furthermore, when they stopped for petrol, as it would be necessary, their

speech and manner would reveal their identity. British English would be particularly noticeable in the South.

9. She mustn’t make any mistakes in her plan, or waver in mind and show

indecision or deal with the situation carelessly due to small-mindedness. In other words she had to take a big chance, to do something very daring, so she must be bold, resolute, decisive and rise to the occasion.

Words and expressions(P57-58) A(P57)

1. suite: a set of rooms, usually expensive in a hotel

2. pointedly: directly and sharply

3. well-appointed: excellently furnished and arranged

4. set-up: arrangement of furniture, etc.

5. hit-and-run: hitting and then escaping; usually of an automobile driver who flees from the scene of an accident in which he or she is involved

6. . blandness: smoothness in manner or flavor of food

7. springing to one’s feet: to stand up suddenly

8. unspeakable: extremely bad

9. blackguard: scoundrel, villain

10. flicker: to burn or shine with an unsteady light that goes on and off quickly; to move with a light wavering motion

11. oblige: to do something someone has asked you to do

12. tuck away: to hide so as to be difficult to find

13. shaken: upset and shocked

14. call: need

15. rivet: to fasten with a rivet; to fix or hold (eyes, attention, etc.) firmly

imperious: overbearing, arrogant and domineering

B. (P58)

1. Sometimes it is beneficial and worthwhile to check things out.

2. This is real and something serious

3. When they find who did that last night, who killed that kid and its mother, then escaped, they’ll deal out the most severe punishment

4. It’s no use trying, daring.

5. Now listen, I’ll explain what happened exactly and in detail

6. Anyway, I guess you’d call her your lady friend.

7. You were spending another hundred dollars to entertain a lively and fashionable party.

8. It’s away in a corner, behind a pillar where the hotel staff in charge of car parking doesn’t see it.

9. Providing nobody notices the car.

10. Every repair shop in Louisiana’s been told to call the police the minute a car…

11. You people are sought after by the police.

12. Well, I figure you people are pretty rich and wealthy. Translation (P58-59) A.

1. There is no need for hurry. Take your time.

2. Are you suggesting that I am telling a lie?

3. He tried every means to conceal the fact.

4. Our chance to succeed is very slim. Nevertheless we shall do our utmost.

5. We will have our meeting at 10 tomorrow morning unless notified otherwise.

6. Neither of us is adept at figures.

7. Would it be possible to reach that place before dark assuming we set out at 5 am?

8. He was reluctant to comply with her request.

9. I know you are from the South of China. Your accent has betrayed you.

10. We have no alternative in this matter.

B

1. 她自己的紧张程度并没有减轻，因为她知道他们两人随时都有可能回来。

2. 随着一股雪茄烟雾，奥吉勒维进了门。

3. 奥吉勒维不紧不慢地拿掉呛人的雪茄，弹掉烟灰，把烟蒂朝右手边的装饰壁炉甩去。

4. “听着，该知道的我都知道。我如果按照正当程序做我应该做的事，那么一帮就会闪电般地到来。”

5. 她立刻站了起来，和粗鲁的饭店侦探对峙。她满脸怒气，灰绿色的眼睛闪着光。

6. “新奥尔良的街道弯弯曲曲，很容易弄错方向。”

7. “如果你那样做，就等于到局去自首。”

8. 她再次意识到，领导的责任又落到她肩上。此刻，她的丈夫紧张而激动，面对她和这个坏胖子之间的交锋，他只能袖手旁观。

9. 她目不转睛地盯着他的脸，那张漂亮的高颧骨脸庞摆出咄咄逼人的样子。

10. “付给你钱后，我们什么好处也得不到，除了可能有几天临时的喘息时间。”

C 第82段

今天是星期二。根据这个男人所说的来判断，他们最多能拖到星期五或星期六。公爵夫人故作冷静地推理，事态的发展完全取决于一个中心问题：如果他们贿赂了饭店的侦探，那他们的唯一机会—不大的机会—是吧汽车迅速转移，开到北部的某个大城市，在那里，新奥尔良的惨剧和警方的追捕不被人们知晓。然后，把车子修好，那样一来，能定罪的证据就消除了。之后，即便有人怀疑到克洛伊顿夫妇，也没有证据。可是，怎么能把车转移走呢？

第100段

克洛伊顿公爵夫人知道，接下来要做的事将是她所做的事情中最重要的一件。她不能犯任何错误，不能犹豫不决，也不能由于气量小而草率行事。要赚大钱，必下大赌注。她决意对这胖子的贪婪赌一把。她的计划必须确保结果万无一失。

Lesson Four Paraphrase(P84)

1. “ Don’t worry, young man, we’ll do a few things to outwit the prosecution.”

2. I was suddenly engulfed by the whole affair.

3. I was the last one to expect that my case would develop into one of the most famous trials in American history.

4. “This is a completely inappropriate jury, too ignorant and partial

5. Today the teachers are put on trial because they teach scientific theory; soon the newspapers and magazines will not be allowed to express new ideas, to spread knowledge of science.

6. “It is doubtful whether man has reasoning power,” said Darrow sarcastically, scornfully.

7. …accused Bryan of demanding that a life or death struggle be fought between science and religion.

8. People paid in order to have a look at the ape and to consider carefully whether apes and humans could have a common ancestry.

9. Darrow surprised everyone by asking for Bryan as a witness for Scopes which was a brilliant idea.

10. Darrow had gotten the best of Bryan, who looked helplessly lost and pitiable as everyone ignored him and rushed past him to congratulate Darrow. When I saw this, I felt sorry for Bryan.

Words and expressions(P85) A.

1.on hand: present, available

2.master: teacher, master as a team for teacher is outdated in the U.S. 3.squarely: directly

4.stand: a small often outdoor shop or place for showing things

hot dog: a cooked sausage in a bun, sometimes seen as a symbol of American culture

5.florid-faced: face flushed with rosy color; ruddy face 6.stepped in: immersed; thoroughly familiar with 7.warm: became more enthusiastic, animated 8.thundered: shouted loudly

9.reconcile: find agreement between; make (argument, ideas etc.) compatible 10. volume: (degree of ) fullness or loudness of sound

11.hawker: a person who peddles goods in the streets by shouting wares: kinds of goods that a store, merchant, peddler, etc. has to sell 12.cost: in a trial, the person (party) losing the case has to pay lawyers fees for both sides

13.on the books: recorded, listed, not cancelled B

1. a reassuring arm: in a reassuring manner, a friendly gesture to put John at ease, since the arm can’t be reassuring

2. my head: person, me

3. marching backwards to the glorious age: retrogressing to the dark age of the 16th century, expressed in an ironical tone

4. There is some doubt about that: it is doubtful if man has reasoning power 5. Came from below: Christians believe that God in heaven made human beings but evolutionists think human beings must have come from lowly animals

6. fierce fervor; swept the political arena like a prairie fire: despite his eloquence, he was not as forceful and persuasive as he used to be

7. scorched: burnt

8. hot breath of his oratory: his breath coming out heatedly as he spoke 9. a duel to the death: a life or death struggle to be fought 10. storm of applause: loud, noisy applause, like a thunderstorm

11. victorious defeat: literally a defeat, but really something of a victory because the very light sentence signifies the jury wasn’t outrages at his “crim”

Translation(P87) A.

1. I did not anticipate that I would get involved in this dispute.

2. You must involve yourself in the work if you want to learn something . 3. Racial discrimination still exists in various forms in the United States though racial segregation violates the law

4. The jury deliberated and brought in a verdict of guilty. 5. He thought the two views could be reconciled. 6. The spectators’ hearts went out to the defendant.

7. When he read articles, he always had a dictionary on hand.

8. The construction of the dam got under way before any environment impact assessment had been done

B.

1.原教旨主义者坚持对《旧约》作字面解释。而另一方面，现代主义者接受达尔文提出的理论，即所有动物的生命，包括猿与人，均从同一祖先演化而来。

2.在一次这样的争论中，拉普利耶说谁只要教生物学，就一定会教进化论。 3. 从周围山区来了不少人，大部分是原教旨主义者。他们是来为支持布莱恩与“外面来的异教徒”对阵而助威的。”

4.他被送上法庭是因为无知与偏执猖獗，而这两者结合在一起，势力不小。

5.“《圣经》，”他嗓音洪亮地吼道，“是不会被那些不远千里前来作证的专家赶出这个法庭的。这些专家想证明进化论关于人类祖先出自丛林的说法和上帝按照天机、依其形象塑造了人并安排在世上的看法是并行不悖的。”

6.“真理是永恒的、不朽的，不需要任何凡人机构的支持。”

7.尽管在与布莱恩的口头决斗中马隆取胜，法官仍然裁定不允许科学家为被告作证。” 8.“我是在盘问你那些愚蠢的看法，世上没有一个有智力的徒会相信这种看法。”

9.达德利.费尔德.马隆把对我的判决称作是“虽败犹荣”。

10.克拉伦斯.达罗和达德利.费尔德.马隆在戴顿城小小的法庭上掀起的辩论风暴有如一股清风吹遍了美国的学校和立法机关，随之而来的是思想自由和学术自由的新气氛。这种气氛与年俱增。

C.

第32-39段

在达罗平静的质问下，他承认自己对《圣经》里的字句深信不疑，而那群听众也不断用热烈的“阿门”打断他那对抗性的回答。

达罗读出《创世纪》中的一句话：“夜尽晨来为第一天。”然后他问布莱恩是否相信太阳是在第四天创造的。布莱恩说他信。

达罗问道：“没有太阳何来清晨与傍晚？”

布莱恩默默地擦了擦他的秃顶。听众群中传出窃笑声，连忠实的信徒也有窃笑的。达罗继续质问，一边问，一边旋转着他的眼镜。他问布莱恩是否相信有关夏娃的故事。布莱恩的答复是肯定的。

“那么你相信上帝为了惩罚那条蛇便让所有的蛇从此靠肚皮爬行吗？” “是的，我相信。”

“那么，你是否知道在此之前蛇是如何走路的呢？”

听众哄笑起来，布莱恩气得脸色发青。他提高了嗓门，气恼得不停地抖着手中的蒲扇。

Lesson Six Paraphrase(P126)

1. Mark Twain is known to most Americans as the author of The Adventures of Tom Sawyer and The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. Huck Finn is noted for his

simple and pleasant journey through his boyhood which seems eternal and Tom Sawyer is famous for his free roam of the country and his adventure in one summer which seems never to end. The youth and summer are eternal because this is the only age and time we knew them. They are frozen in that age/season for all readers.

2. His work on the boat made it possible for him to meet a large variety of people. It is a world of all types of characters.

3. All would reappear in his books, written in the colorful language that he seemed to be able to remember and record as accurately as a phonograph.

4. Steamboat decks were filled with people who explored and prepared the way for others and also lawless people or social outcasts such as hustlers, gamblers and thugs.

5. He took a horse-drawn public vehicle and went west to Nevada, following the flow of people in the gold rush.

6. Mark Twain began to work hard as a newspaper reporter and humorist to become well known locally.

7. Those who came pioneering out west were energetic, courageous and reckless people, because those who stayed at home were slow, dull and lazy people.

8. That’s typical of California.

9. If we relaxed, rested or stayed away from all this crazy struggle for success occasionally and kept the daring and enterprising spirit, we would be able to remain strong and healthy and continue to produce great thinkers.

10. At the end of his life, he lost the last bit of his positive view of man and the world.

Words and expressions (P127-129) A. (p127)

1. starry-eyed: romantic, dreamy; with the eyes sparking in a glow of wonder 2. Medicine shows: shows given by entertainers who travel from town to town, accompanied by quacks and fake Indians, selling cure-alls, snake-bite medicine, etc.

3. flirt: originally meaning pretending love without serious intension, here meaning trying but not hard or persistently enough.

4. . strike: the sudden discovery of some mineral ores

5. hotbed: a place that fosters rapid growth or extensive activity, often used of something evil

6. ring: to produce, as by sounding, a specified impression on the hearer trend setting: taking the lead in starting a new trend or new ways of doing things

7. project: propose or make plan for 8. entry: an item in his notebook

9. shot: quantity of tiny balls of lead used in a sporting gun against birds or small animals

10. sorely: greatly or extremely 11. shots: critical remarks

12. bowl: a hollow land formation B. (p127)

1. Romantic means full of or dominated by thoughts, feelings, and attitudes characteristic of or suitable for romance; passionate, adventurous, idealistic, etc.

Sentimental suggests emotion of a kind that is felt in a nostalgic or tender mood

or emotion that is exaggerated, affected, foolish, etc. Humorous means having or expressing humor, funny, amusing, comical. Witty means cleverly amusing, intelligent, clever.

2. A cynic is cynical person.

A critic is usually a person whose profession is to write comments on books, music, paintings, plays, motion pictures, etc. for a newspaper or magazine.

A critic can also mean a person who indulges in fault finding.

3. In American usage, timber is wood suitable for building houses, ships, etc. whether cut or still in the form of trees, while lumber means timber sawed into beams, planks, boards, etc. of convenient sizes. In British usage, timber and lumber mean the same thing.

4. Claim means to state a fact or as one’s belief (something that may be called into question). Proclaim means to announce officially.

5. Demand is an economic term, meaning the desire for a commodity together with the ability to pay for it; also, the amount people are ready and able to buy at a certain price: opposed to supply, as in supply and demand. In the case of our text, the demand is not for a commodity, but for steamboat pilots. Need is a general term.

6. Mistreatment means being treated wrongly or badly. Ill-treatment means being treated unkindly, cruelly, brutally.

7. Consequence may refer to simple causation in a neutral way, but more often the word suggests a negative result.

Result is a general word, indicating a strict causal link.

8. A pleasure cruise is one for pleasure or sightseeing, a tourist expedition by ship.

A pleasant cruise is a voyage (not necessarily a tourist one) that is pleasant. A pleasure cruise may turn out to be not pleasant.

9. A correspondent is a reporter hired by a magazine or newspaper to furnish news, articles, etc. of a certain type or from a distant place.

10. Desperation is the state of being desperate, rash or violent resulting from despair(loss of hope). When one is in despair, he may kill himself. When one is in desperation, he may kill others.

C(p128) 1.metaphor 2. metaphor 3. metaphor 4. metaphor 5.metonymy 6. metaphor

7.alliteration 8. alliteration 9.personification 10.antithesis

Translation(P129-130) A. (p129)

1. Tom was every bit as intelligent as the top one in his class. 2. He was obsessed with fear of poverty. 3. Dongting Lake teems with fish and shrimps. 4. Under pressure, he had no choice but quit.

5. At that time many children succumbed to small pox. 6. Much to his horror, he found the cabin flooded. 7. Not until midnight did the surgeon finish the operation. 8. That’s Peter all over.

9. The history course has acquainted me with ancient civilizations.

10. The pursuit and anxiety of young people find expression in the newly-staged play.

B. (p130)

1. 马克.吐温出生时的名字是塞缪尔.朗赫恩.克莱门斯，后来才改叫马克.吐温。他一生中有三分之一的时间是在全国游历，体验新的美国历程，然后以作家和幽默家的身份，与世界分享这种历程。

2. 所有这一切都会以一种多彩的语言形式在他的书中再现，这种语言与他那留声机般的记忆相融合。

3. 轮船的甲板上不仅聚集了具有开创精神的主流人群，也挤满了骗子、妓女、赌徒、恶棍这样的残渣.

4. .从他们身上，马克.吐温对人类有了更敏锐的认识，看到了人们言与行之间的差距。 5. 对于一个习惯于由西海岸引领流行趋势的现代世界来说，他对那些落脚于尚未开发的荒凉之地的人们的描述听上去一点也不生疏。

6. 他不经意地揭露了那些受尊敬的艺术家和艺术珍宝，还尖锐地将圣地批评了一番。 7. “这位寡妇按点吃饭；按点睡觉；按点起床—一切都那么井井有条、循规蹈矩，让人受不了。”

8. 他与一个脱逃的黑奴乘一条木筏顺密西西比河而下的经历就是一幅美国社会的动态全景图。

9. “….他们从世上消失了，在那个世上，他们无足轻重，一事无成；在那个世上，他们本身的存在就是个错误，就是个失败，就是一桩愚蠢的事；在那个世上，他们没有留下任何表明他们曾经存在过的痕迹。那个世界将为他们哀悼一日，然后永远地将他们忘却。”

C. 第一段

大部分美国人把马克.吐温看作是哈克. 费恩在永恒少年时代生动逼真的游历和汤姆.索亚无穷无尽的夏日自由与惊险经历的塑造者。这个国家最受人喜欢的作者也确实如人们所能想象的那样充满冒险精神、爱国、浪漫和幽默。我还发现了另一个吐温—一个变得愤世嫉俗的人，一个由于生活给他带来不幸而郁郁寡欢的人，一个为人类的意志薄弱而无限忧虑的人。放眼望去，他看到的是一睹黑夜之墙。

第15段

早在1870年吐温就尝试写过一位少年的历险故事，他把主人公叫作比利.罗杰斯。两年后，他把名字改为汤姆并开始把历险活动写成上演的剧本。一直到1874年这个故事才认真地开始发展。1876年出版后。汤姆. 索亚迅速成为美国少年时代的经典之作。汤姆的顽皮勇敢、机智聪明以及他对贝基.撒切尔的天真可爱的感情，几乎与《宣言》一样，成为现在美国学校里的必读经典。