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2017_2018学年高中英语大题精做01Unit1Culturalrelics(含解析)新人教版必修2

来源：华佗小知识

Unit 1 Cultural relics

I. 阅读理解

阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳

选项。 Passage 1

体裁话题词数 231 难度 ★★☆☆☆ (2017·新课标全国卷I)Pacific Science Center Guide

◆Visit Pacific Science Center’s Store

Don’t forget to stop by Pacific Science Center’s Store while you are here to pick up a wonderful science activity or souvenir to remember your visit. The store is located(位于) upstairs in Building 3 right next to the Laser Dome.

◆Hungry?

Our exhibits will feed your mind, but what about your body? Our café offers a complete menu of lunch and snack options, in addition to seasonal specials. The café is located upstairs in Building 1 and is open daily until one hour Pacific Science Center closes.

◆Rental Information

Lockers are available to store any belongs during your visit. The lockers are located in Building 1 near the Information Desk and in Building 3. Pushchairs and wheelchairs are available to rent at the Information Desk and Denny Way entrance. ID required.

◆Support Pacific Science Center

Since 1962, Pacific Science Center has been inspiring a passion(热情) for discovery and lifelong learning in science, math and technology. Today, Pacific Science Center serves more than 1.3 million people a year and brings inquiry-based

建议时间 4分钟应用文 Pacific Science Center介绍 1

science education to classrooms and community events all over Washington State. It’s an amazing accomplishment and one we cannot achieve without generous support from individuals, corporations, and other social organizations. Visit pacificsciencecenter.org to find various ways you can support Pacific Science Center.

21. Where can you buy a souvenir at Pacific Science Center? A. In Building 1. B. In Building 3. C. At the Laser Dome. D. At the Denny Way entrance.

22. What does Pacific Science Center do for schools? A. Train science teachers. B. Distribute science books. C. Inspire scientific research. D. Take science to the classroom.

23. What is the purpose of the last part of the text? A. To encourage donations. B. To advertise coming events. C. To introduce special exhibits. D. To tell about the Center’s history. 【答案】

【语篇解读】本文主要从购物点、就餐点、租借服务三方面介绍了Pacific Science Center，并展示了Pacific Science Center为人们做的贡献，呼吁人们的支持。 21. B 【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的The store is located(位于) upstairs in

Building 3 right next to the Laser Dome.可知Pacific Science Center的购物点在Laser Dome旁边的3号楼的楼上。故选B。

23. A 【解析】目的意图题。根据文章最后一段中的Visit pacificsciencecenter.org to

find various ways you can support Pacific Science Center.可知作者呼吁读者支持Pacific Science Center，也就是鼓励人们为之提供帮助、做贡献。故选A。【名师点睛】

一般来说，解答细节理解题时都可采用＂寻读法＂。也就是说，考生不必通篇细看原文，而是可以采取＂带着问题找答案＂的方法，即先从问题中抓住关键性词语。这种关键性的词语可以被称为＂定位词＂，找出＂定位词＂，然后以此为线索，快速地捕捉和理解事实或细节，恰当地运用略读、查读等技巧，在文章中寻找与此问题相关的段落、语句，仔细品味，对照比较，确定答案。

1. 应用文是阅读理解题中常见的一种体裁，特别是广告。广告简洁明快，语言精炼，篇幅小、信息多。广告类阅读设题多为细节理解题。做这类阅读题的技巧是：先读题目，带着问题有针对性地阅读相关部分，快速寻找有效信息。一般情况下，只要细心都会找到正确答案。

2. 说明文中的细节理解与应用文一样，说明文中的阅读理解也偏重考查细节，我们也可以采用＂先看题，然后带着问题在材料中寻找对应信息＂的办法答题。

3. 记叙文中的细节以理解故事、人物描写等是阅读理解的考查重点之一。做这类题一般也可采用＂寻读法＂，即先读题，然后带着问题快速阅读短文，找出与问题相关的词语或句子，再对相关词语或句子进行分析对比，获取准确信息，找出正确答案。

例如第21题中根据题干中的关键词buy定位到Store，也就是第一段的内容。然后再结合后文中的The store is located(位于) upstairs in Building 3 right next to the Laser Dome.就可以得出正确答案。

能在文中直接找到信息句子的细节题比较简单，一般设置在第一篇阅读里以减轻考生的紧张心理。所以考生要抓住这一特点，灵活使用解题策略，达到快速、高效的目的。

Passage 2

体裁说明文话题沉默在不同文化中的内涵词数 328 难度 ★★★☆☆ 建议时间 7分钟（2016·新课标全国卷I）The meaning of silence varies among cultural groups. Silences may be thoughtful, or they may be empty when a person has nothing to say. A silence in a conversation may also show stubbornnessm uneasinessm or worry. Silence

may be viewed by some cultural groups as extremely uncomfortable; therefore attempts may be made to fill every gap(间隙) with conversation. Persons in other cultural groups value silence and view it as necessary for understanding a person’s needs.

Many Native Americans value silence and feel it is a basic part of communicating among people, just as some traditional Chinese and Thai persons do. Therefore, when a person from one of these cultures is speaking and suddenly stops, what may be implied(暗示) is that the person wants the listener to consider what has been said before continuing. In these cultures, silence is a call for reflection.

Other cultures may use silence in other ways, particularly when dealing with conflicts among people or in relationships of people with different amounts of power. For example, Russian, French, and Spanish persons may use silence to show agreement between parties about the topic under discussion. However, Mexicans may use silence when instructions are given by a person in authority rather than be rude to that person by arguing with him or her. In still another use, persons in Asian cultures may view silence as a sign of respect, particularly to an elder or a person in authority.

Nurses and other care-givers need to be aware of the possible meanings of silence when they come across the personal anxiety their patients may be experiencing. Nurses should recognize their own personal and cultural construction of silence so that a patient’s silence is not interrupted too early or allowed to go on unnecessarily. A nurse who understands the healing(治愈) value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients from their own and from other cultures. 32. What does the author say about silence in conversations? A. It implies anger. B. It promotes friendship. C. It is culture-specific. D. It is content-based.

33. Which of the following people might regard silence as a call for careful thought? A. The Chinese. C. The Mexicans.

B. The French.

D. The Russians.

34. What does the author advise nurses to do about silence? A. Let it continue as the patient pleases. B. Break it while treating patients. C. Evaluate its harm to patients. D. Make use of its healing effects. 35. What may be the best title for the text? A. Sound and Silence

B. What It Means to Be Silent C. Silence to Native Americans D. Speech Is Silver; Silence Is Gold 【答案】

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了沉默在不同文化背景下的不同内涵。

33. A 【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中 what may be implied is that the person

wants the listener to consider what has been said before continuing可知中国人认为谈话时人们沉默是在思考。

34. D 【解析】细节理解题。根据末段末句A nurse who understands the healing value

of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients 可知，作者建议护士要用沉默来治疗病人。故选D。

35. B 【解析】主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了在不同文化背景下谈话期间的沉默的不同含义，

由此判断B选项可以概括文章内容。故选B。

Passage 3

体裁说明文话题不同文化中食物的作用词数 299 难度 ★★★☆☆ 建议时间 7分钟 (2015·安徽)Food serves as a form of communication in two fundamental ways. Sharing bread or other foods is a common human tradition that can promote unity and trust. Food can also have a specific meaning, and play a significant role in a family or culture’s celebrations or traditions. The foods we eat — and when and how we

eat them — are often unique to a particular culture or may even differ between rural (农村的) and urban areas within one country.

Sharing bread, whether during a special occasion (时刻) or at the family dinner table, is a common symbol of togetherness. Many cultures also celebrate birthdays and marriages with cakes that are cut and shared among the guests. Early forms of cake were simply a kind of bread, so this tradition hits its roots in the custom of sharing bread.

Food also plays an important role in many New Year celebrations. In the southern United States, pieces of corn bread represent blocks of gold for prosperity (兴旺) in the New Year. In Greece, people share a special cake called vasilopita. A coin is put into the cake, which signifies (预示) success in the New Year for the person who receives it.

Many cultures have ceremonies to celebrate the birth of a child, and food can play a significant role. In China, when a baby is one month old, families name and welcome their child in a celebration that includes giving red-colored eggs to guests. In many cultures, round foods such as grapes, bread, and moon cakes are eaten at welcome celebrations to represent family unity.

Nutrition is necessary for life, so it is not surprising that food is such an important part of different cultures around the world. 72. According to the passage, sharing bread ____________. A. indicates a lack of food B. can help to develop unity C. is a custom unique to rural areas D. has its roots in birthday celebrations

73. What does the coin in vasilopita signify for its receiver in the New Year? A. Trust.

B. Success.

C. Health.

D. Togetherness.

74. The author explains the role of food in celebrations by ____________. A. using examples

B. making comparisons D. describing processes

C. analyzing causes

75. What is the passage mainly about? A. The custom of sharing food. B. The specific meaning of food. C. The role of food in ceremonies. D. The importance of food in culture. 【答案】

【语篇解读】本文主要介绍的是在不同的文化中，食物在人们庆祝节日、家庭聚会等中都起到了非常重要的作用，代表着团结、成功、兴旺等。

72. B 【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的＂Sharing bread or other foods is a common

human tradition that can promote unity and trust＂可知答案为B。

74. A 【解析】推理判断题。作者是通过举例来说明食物在节日庆祝中的作用的，比如：在

第三段中分别以美国南部、希腊为例，而第四段中则以中国为例。

75. D 【解析】主旨大意题。第一段的中心句是＂Food can also have a specific meaning,

and play a significant role in a family or culture’s celebrations or traditions＂；第三段的中心句是＂Food also plays an important role in many New Year celebrations＂；第四段的中心句是＂Many cultures have ceremonies to celebrate the birth of a child, and food can play a significant role＂。综上所述，可知答案为D。

II. 书面表达

体裁半开放作文，电子邮件话题邀请外教去参观中国剪纸艺术展 (2017·新课标全国卷II) 假定你是李华，想邀请外教Henry一起参观中国剪纸（paper-cutting）艺术展。请给他写封邮件，内容包括：

1. 展览时间、地点； 2. 展览内容。注意：

1. 词数100左右；

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

___________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________ 【思路点拨】

构思：书信体——邀请函结构：三段论模式

要点：艺术展览时间、地点、内容靓点：弘扬中国传统文化（剪纸）【写作提纲】

首段：问候，写信意图

正文：艺术展览时间、地点、内容（介绍艺术展具体内容，弘扬中国传统文化。）结束：再次表达邀请之诚意并期待他的到来。【参考范文】 Dear Henry,

How is everything going with you lately? I am delighted to invite you to visit the Chinese paper-cutting show. The further details are as follows.

First and foremost,the show,whose theme is about Chinese traditional culture will start from June 15th and last for about 4 days in our school hall. As is well-known to us all, paper-cutting is a symbol of luck, happiness and wealth. Moreover, some teachers and students will display their own works. It is a good chance

for you to enjoy Chinese folk arts and traditional culture. I am convinced that you are interested in it.

Your presence will add much more pleasure to this show. I cannot wait to see you soon. Yours sincerely, Li Hua

I. 完形填空

体裁新闻报道话题故宫文物丢失词数 216 难度 ★★☆☆☆ 建议时间 16分钟阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

BEIJING, May 19 (Xinhua) — China’s preservation of its cultural relics has come under fire by the public in the wake of a recent theft at a museum in Beijing’s Forbidden City.

On May 9, several 1 of art from a 2 , which were 3 at 10 million

yuan (1. million U.S. dollars), 4 missing from an exhibition in the Forbidden

City’s historic Palace Museum. 5 recovered several of the items, 6 not before Chinese citizens 7 shock over 8 in the Forbidden City.

Several days later, news about the existence of an club for 9 people in the

Forbidden City’s Jianfu Palace caused fierce 10 by Chinese Internet users. Memberships for the 11 were said to cost 1 million yuan.

In China, it is not 12 to see ancient relics 13 for commercial gain, 14

many have sought to capitalize（积累资本）on the historic and 15 value of China’s heritage. 16 , land development seems to be an even 17 problem for the preservation of China’s cultural relics.

In the city of Hangzhou in east China’s Zhejiang Province, the 18 of an area

of land where the 19 of a Southern Song Dynasty (1127—1279) imperial city once

stood has gone on without 20 for over a year. 1. A. jobs

D. literature

2. A.collector

D. maker

3. A. cost

D. spent

4. A. came

D. brought

5. A. Police

Collector 6. A. and

D. so

7. A. impressed

D. implied

8. A. security

D. protection

9. A. poor

D. curious

10. A. approvals

D. objections

11. A. club

D. museum

12. A. usual

D. general

13. A. exploited

D. taken

14. A. like

D. as

15. A. political

B. works

B. inventor

B. paid

B. went B. People B. or B. expressed B. danger B. wealthy

B. supports

B. company B. common B. explored B. for B. economical

C. science

C. producer

C. valued

C. left

C. Staff C. but

C. explained

C. museum

C. famous

C. agreements

C. school

C. rare

C. occupied

C. with

C. cultural

D. natural

B. Likewise

C. Anyway

16. A. However

D. Therefore

B. smaller

C. stronger

17. A. bigger

D. heavier

18. A. movement

D. development

B. excitement C. surprise

19. A. remains

D. temple

B. relics C. building

20. A. announcement

D. notice

B. declaration C. approval

【答案】

【语篇解读】本文是夹叙夹议性的新闻报道。北京故宫艺术品的丢失，人们熏心利欲的遗址开发，让人们惊醒：文化遗产安全何在？ 1. B work 艺术作品。

2. A collector 收藏者。一位收藏者的好几件艺术品丢失了。 3. C value 估价。这些艺术品被估价1000万元人民币。 4. B go missing 失踪；不见了。 5. A 追回了一些艺术品。

10. A 故宫被富人们用作炫富的俱乐部，当然会引起网民的反对。

11. A 上文中已经提到。news about the existence of an club for wealthy people in the Forbidden City’s Jianfu Internet users.

12. C 在中国古代遗址被开发利用谋私利（exploit）并不罕见（rare）。 13. A 同上。

14. D as连词。表示原因。

Palace caused fierce objections by Chinese

15. C 因为一些人利用历史和文化遗产来积累资本。

16. A 然而土地开发看上去对文化遗产保护构成的一个更大的问题。 17. A 解析见上。

18. D 上文land development seems to be an even bigger problem for the preservation

of China’s cultural relics有提示。

19. A remains 遗迹；遗留物。那里曾经有一个南宋的城市的遗址。

20. C approval 批准，许可。这个土地开发项目未经批准已经开始一年多了。 II. 阅读理解

阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳

选项。 Passage 1

体裁说明文话题如何申遗词数 227 难度 ★★☆☆☆ 建议时间 4分钟 How does a place become a World Heritage Site (世界遗产)? It takes a lot of people to decide.

First, if a country wants one of its places to be on the List of World Heritage Sites, it has to ask the UNESCO (联合国教科文组织). The place must be important and special. The UNESCO put the Great Wall on the list in 1987 because, it said, it was a great part of Chinese culture and beautifully made to go with the land. When a country asks, it must also make a plan for taking care of the place.

Second, the World Heritage Committee of the UNESCO talks about different places and decides whether to put them on the list. The committee meets every June. Many experts help the committee to decide.

Third, after a new place goes on the list, the UNESCO gives money to help keep it looking good. If a place is in serious danger, it may be put on the List of World Heritage in Danger. The UNESCO gives special care and help to those places.

Then, countries have to give the UNESCO regular reports about places on the list. If the UNESCO thinks a country isn’t taking good enough care of a place, the site will be taken off the list.

1. What can we infer from the passage?

A. Becoming a World Heritage Site takes hard work.

B. A place with beautiful scenery is often on the List of World Heritage Sites. C. A place which is taken good care of is often on the List of World Heritage Sites. D. The Great Wall became a World Heritage Site for its long history.

2. If a place successfully becomes a World Heritage Site, the country ________. A. can ask the UNESCO for more money and help B. should continue to take special care of it C. won’t take trouble to care for it

D. will try to put it on the List of World Heritage in Danger 3. What’s the passage mainly discussing?

A. How the World Heritage Committee of UNESCO decides a World Heritage Site. B. How the World Heritage Committee of UNESCO protects a World Heritage Site. C. How the Great Wall became a World Heritage Site. D. How a place becomes a World Heritage Site.

4. What’s the purpose of putting a place on the List of World Heritage Sites? A. To attract more tourists from other countries. B. To get more money and help from other countries. C. To have it taken better care of. D. To make it known to other countries. 【答案】

【语篇解读】一个地方如何成为世界文化遗产呢？本文从四个步骤对此进行了说明。 1. A 【解析】推理判断题。从申请到最后成功要进行一系列的工作，由此可推测出申遗成功不易。

3. D 【解析】主旨推断题。短文的开头就已经将本文的主题给出，下文是围绕这个主题展开的。

4. C 【解析】细节理解题。使一个地方成为世界遗产的＂目的＂在短文中没有明确表示，

但通过联合国教科文组织对一个国家的要求可推测出＂目的是使其得到更好的保

护＂。

Passage 2

体裁说明文话题泰姬陵词数 270 难度 ★★☆☆☆ 建议时间 5分钟 The Taj Mahal(泰姬陵) is a love story, a sad and beautiful one. If it didn’t exist, we would easily imagine that the story of its construction was simply a fairy tale. Three hundred years ago, there lived an Indian emperor called Shah Jahan. His wife was a beautiful and bright woman whom he loved greatly. Her title was Mumtaz Mahal: its shortened form Taj Mahal, means ＂pride of the palace＂. In the year 1630 this beloved wife of the emperor died. He was so broken-hearted that he thought of giving up his throne. He decided out of his love for his wife to build her the most beautiful tomb that had ever been seen.

He invited the best artists and architects from India, Turkey, Persia and Arabia

and finally, the design was completed. It took more than twenty thousand men working over a period of 18 years to build the Taj Mahal, one of the most beautiful buildings in the world.

The building itself stands on a marble platform, 29 metres square and 6—7 metres

high. Towers rise from each of the four corners. The Taj itself soars another 61 metres into the air. It is an eight-sided building made of white marble.

The emperor planned to build an identical tomb of black marble for himself on

the other side of the river connected by a silver bridge. However his son put him into a prison in the palace before he could finish, and for the rest of his life, he could only gaze across river at the tomb of his beloved wife. 5. The whole passage tells us about_____________. A. a beautiful fairy tale

B. the story of the Taj Mahal

C. white and black marble tombs made for two emperors D. the love story of emperor Shah Jahan and his wife 6. We know from the text that _____________. A. the Taj Mahal was completed quickly

B. only experts took part in the building work C. the Taj Mahal is a magnificent building for a king D. the Taj Mahal is a tomb for the emperor’s beloved wife 7. The emperor’s own tomb was designed to be ____________. A. 61 metres high C. black-coloured

B. eight-sided

D. white-coloured

8. The text tells us that the emperor ____________. A. died soon after Taj Mahal died son

C. was beloved by his people 【答案】

【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了泰姬陵。

5. B 【解析】主旨大意题。本文主要向读者介绍历史古迹泰姬陵。 6. D 【解析】细节理解题。由第一段最后一句可知，泰姬陵是一座坟墓。 7. C 【解析】细节理解题。由最后一段第一句可以得出答案。

8. D 【解析】推理判断题。由第一段可知泰姬死于1630年，由第二段可知泰姬陵18年多

才建成。此时皇帝还没有死，由此推出选D项。 III. 七选五体裁夹叙夹议文话题国家文物局把一些文化遗迹增加到名单中词数 305 难度 ★★★☆☆ 建议时间 7分钟

D. died after 18

B. was killed by his

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

China is making great effort to protect its cultural relics. In early May, State Administration of Cultural Heritage (SACH) added 1,943 unmovable cultural relics sites to the list. So the number of these sites on this list will increase to 4,295. 1

The newly added sites were reviewed(评审) by more than 130 experts. They spread around Shanxi, Henan, Hunan, Hebei and Jiangsu provinces, including 795 pieces of ancient architecture and 516 ancient ruins. 2

In an interview, the head of the SACH said that new types of cultural relics sites have been newly listed to get protection at first, including industrial relics, rural architecture and cultural landscapes. 3 For example, some are in the north China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region.

Despite great achievements during the years of effort, problems still exist. 4 Historic relics get stolen and antiques are taken abroad secretly.

The head of the SACH said that people has faced a challenge to the protection of cultural relics for a long time. So, balancing the relationship between economic development and protection of history is important. ____5____ He also used good examples of protection, describing how some cultural relics sites have become education bases for young people and popular tourist places, where a lot of people spend their holiday.

A. All of them need protecting as quickly as possible.

B. They also include outstanding modern architecture.

C. The SACH has found a total of 4,295 cultural relics.

D. Many relics have been destroyed in the process of urban construction.

E. Cultural relics sites should become positive factors to improve economic development.

F. When talking about protecting the cultural relics, the head of SACH ordered some to be saved.

G. Moreover, many of the new sites also include valuable cultural relics from ethnic minority regions(少数民族地区).

【答案】

【语篇解读】本篇文章主要说明国家文物局把一些文化遗迹增加到名单中，以使这些文化遗迹得到很好的保护等相关信息。

1. A 【解析】根据本段第一句可知，中国在文化遗迹保护方面一直在努力，今年又在不可

移动文化遗址名单上增加了1 943处，它们都需要尽快地得到保护。故选A。

2. B 【解析】根据上句中的＂including 795 pieces of ancient architecture and 516

ancient ruins＂可知，这些新增加的文化遗迹包括795件古代建筑式样和516处古代废墟。为保持文意连贯，后文应是对此话题的进一步说明——它们也包括一些杰出的现代建筑式样。选B。

4. D 【解析】根据上文中的＂problems still exist＂可以判断出，空处内容应为在文物

保护工作中遇到的问题。故选D。

5. E 【解析】此段说明人类应该在经济发展和保护文化遗迹之间取得平衡。只有E项(文

化遗迹应该成为增进经济发展的积极因素)与段落大意相吻合。

IV. 书面表达

假如你是一名建筑工人，名叫李华。在修建地基时挖出一些古代文物。一部分人建议卖掉，可以得到一些钱，但你不同意。请你用英语给China Daily的编辑写一封信反映此情况，阐明你的理由，并提出建议。

注意：

1. 词数：100词左右；

2. 内容包括以上所有要点，可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

参考词汇：修建地基lay a foundation of 财产wealth 捐赠donate

Dear Editor,

___________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours sincerely,

Li Hua

【参考范文】

Dear Editor,

I’m a builder. When other builders and I laid a foundation of a building, we dug out some ancient cultural relics. At that time, some people suggested we sell them so that we could get some money. But I didn’t agree with them because I think

these cultural relics are our country’s wealth. As Chinese people, we should protect them. So I told the other builders we shouldn’t sell them, because cultural relics represent a country’s culture and history. Besides, we should donate these culture relics to our country in case they might be sold abroad secretly. We shouldn’t lose them.

Yours sincerely,

Li Hua

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