接团导游词北京英语

　　Hello, everyone. Today we are going to visit the temple of heaven, thelargest and most complete ancient architecture group in the world.

　　Located in the southeast of Beijing, the temple of heaven is also thelargest existing ancient sacrificial building complex in China and the world. Itwas built in the fourth year of Yongle in Ming Dynasty and completed in the 18thyear of Yongle in Ming Dynasty. It covers an area of 273 hectares. It's morethan three times the size of the Forbidden City. It is the place for emperors ofMing and Qing Dynasties to pray for heaven and valley. Every year, the "threeMencius" hold sacrifices, namely, praying for valley in spring, praying for rainin summer and praying for heaven in winter. When it was first built, it was alsoa place for offering sacrifices to the earth God, which was called Heaven Earthaltar. Until the ninth year of Jiajing in Ming Dynasty, another Ditan was builtin the north. At that time, heaven and earth began to offer sacrificesseparately, and two more altars were built at the same time. It is only thenthat the present-day "four altars" in the suburbs of Beijing, namely, the SouthTemple of heaven, the North Temple of earth, the East Temple of the sun and theWest Temple of the moon, were formed.

　　The temple of heaven is the general name of the two altars of Yuanqiu andQigu. The layout of the building is in the shape of "Hui", with double altarwalls, forming the inner and outer altar. The altar wall is round in the Southand North, symbolizing the round sky and place, so it is also called the heavenearth wall. The main buildings are the hall of praying for the new year, thealtar of round mound, the imperial vault, the Zhai palace, the outer altar, themusic office and the sacrifice place. Except zhaigong in the west, the otherthree groups are on the same central axis. It is the only building withasymmetric axis in Beijing ancient architecture.

　　However, such a holy place for worshiping heaven was once looted by theBritish and French allied forces in 1860, and then by the Eight Allied forces in1900. When Yuan Shikai ascended the throne in 1916, he also staged a farce ofsacrificing heaven in the temple of heaven. In 1918, the temple of heaven wasfinally opened as a park. After liberation, the temple of heaven has not onlybecome a famous tourist attraction, but also an integral part of Beijing's urbangreen space. Not only tourists come here, but also some elderly people who arededicated to physical fitness.

　　Now let's start this tour along the route that the emperor ascended thealtar.

　　Let's first introduce zhaigong. Zhai palace is located in the west gate ofthe temple of heaven, which has the famous Wuliang palace. Covering an area ofabout 40000 square meters, it is known as the small forbidden city and the placewhere the emperor fasted before offering sacrifices. The emperor fasted here forthree days before offering sacrifices to heaven. In the three days, "no meat, noalcohol, no entertainment, no bathing, no criminal name, no sex." The so-calledZhi Zhai. There are stone pavilions on both sides of the terrace in front ofzhaigong hall. On the right is the time Pavilion, and on the left is the fastingbronze Pavilion. The bronze man is 0.5 meters tall and dressed in civilianclothes. It is said that he was Wei Zheng in Tang Dynasty. Holding the bronzeplate of fasting, engraved with the word "fasting" to warn the emperor.

　　Now let's take a look at the Yuanqiu altar. Yuanqiu altar is 5.7 metershigh and divided into three layers. The four directions of each floor have ninesteps paved with argyi leaf bluestone. Surrounded by white marble fence. Thereare two walls outside the altar. From the east to the wall, there are fourLingxing Gates: Taiyuan, zhaoheng, Guangli and Chengzhen. Now let's go to thealtar. Please pay attention to the surface. The number of stones used on thealtar surface is related to nine. The diameter of the upper layer is 9 feet, thediameter of the middle layer is 15 feet, and the diameter of the lower layer is21 feet. The third floor is 45 feet in total, which is not only a multiple of 9,but also means "the highest of nine". The round marble in the middle of the topaltar is called Tianxin stone. It's also called "Yi Zhao Ying Cong Shi". Whenpeople stand on it and speak, they will feel a strong resonance. Around theTianxin stone layer, there are nine circles of huge fan-shaped stones, includingnine in the first circle and 18 in the second circle. And so on, the NinthCircle on the outermost side is exactly 81 blocks; the second layer, the secondlayer is the same. Until the 27th outermost lap. Similarly, when you look up,you can see that the guard board is divided into four parts by four steps, andeach part also has 9 pieces. The guard board in the middle layer is 18 pieces,and the guard board in the lower layer is 27 pieces. All these are madeaccording to the Yin Yang and five elements. 9 is the number of extreme Yang, soancient craftsmen used this number to emphasize the loftiness and sanctity ofheaven. The steps of offering sacrifices to heaven can be divided into: burningfirewood to meet the emperor, offering sacrifices to heaven in cangbi, enteringthe throne, offering sacrifices at the beginning, offering sacrifices at theend, withdrawing food, sending the emperor to heaven, and watching the fire.

　　Let's look at the southwest of Yuanqiu altar. There are three tall stoneplatforms, called wangdengtai. The long pole on the stage is the beacon pole.The pole is nine feet high and red. At the time of offering sacrifices toheaven, a lantern with a diameter of six feet and a height of eight feet is hungon each lantern pole. The lanterns are decorated with Panlong overnight wax,which can last for six hours. Not out, not oil, not cut wax.

　　Now let's continue to walk along the central axis. The building in front ofus is the sky vault. Huanggongyu was built in the ninth year of Jiajing reign ofthe Ming Dynasty. It was originally called the temple of Tai. In the 17th yearof Jiajing reign, it was renamed the present huanggongyu. It is a special placefor storing God cards. There are not only the God cards of heaven, but also theGod cards of wind, thunderstorm and electricity. This group of buildings notonly has exquisite modeling, but also has echo wall and three tone stone, whichare called the three acoustic phenomena of the temple of heaven together withTianxin stone.

　　The echo wall is the outer wall of the imperial vault. The walls are builtwith bricks and mortar, which is a good sound transmitter. As long as you speakto the wall correctly, you can hear each other clearly even if you can't see theface at a distance of 40 or 50 meters. The Sanyin stone is the three stones infront of the main hall of huangqiongyu. When you stand on the first stone andclap your hands, you can hear an echo once, the second stone can hear twice, andthe third stone can hear three echoes, so it is called Sanyin stone. Later, ittook the meaning of "three talents of heaven, earth and man" and was also called"three talents stone".

　　You should have noticed that there are many cypress trees in the temple ofheaven. Among the many ancient cypresses, there is a cypress over 500 years old,which is the nine dragon cypress outside the west wall of echo wall. Because thesurface of its trunk is full of twisted grooves, it is called Jiulongcypress.

　　On the north side of echo wall, there is a broad avenue, which is calledDanbi bridge of Haipeng Avenue. Because there is a culvert under the road toform an interchange, similar to an overpass, so it is called a bridge. Aftercrossing the Danbi bridge, we can see the qigutan complex. Qigu altar is athree-layer white marble round altar, covering an area of nearly 6000 squaremeters. The hall of praying for new year was built on it.

　　The hall of praying for new year is the symbol of the temple of heaven.Also used to be a symbolic building in China, formerly known as the Great Hallof worship. It means praying for a good harvest year. In architecture, it is around double eaves with a pointed roof, and the top is covered with blue bambootiles. Shrinkage layer by layer, up to nine feet, supported by 28 red pillars.It is the only imitation Ming Tang style building left in China. In the past,glazed tiles were divided into three colors and three different meanings. Thatis: Shangqing, on behalf of heaven, yellow, on behalf of the emperor, green, onbehalf of the people. Later, in order to show respect for God, they all changedto blue glazed tiles.

　　The top of the hall and the 28 pillars supporting the top of the hall alsohave different representative meanings. The perimeter of the top of the hall is30 Zhang, representing 30 days in a month. The four Longjing pillars symbolizethat there are four seasons in a year. 12 in the middle symbolizes 12 months ina year. The 12 outer roots symbolize 12 hours in a day. The 24 roots in themiddle and outer layers symbolize the 24 solar terms. There are 28 stars in thethree layers, which symbolize the 28 stars in the sky. If you add 8 childpillars at the top of the hall, there will be 36 in total. It symbolizes 36Tiangang in the sky,

　　)。 There is also a gold-plated short copper pillar called Lei Gongzhu onthe top of the treasure, which symbolizes the emperor's domination. In addition,there is a "dragon and Phoenix caisson" inside the top of the hall, and a"dragon and Phoenix auspicious stone" on the ground. The two complement eachother.

　　Like offering sacrifices to heaven, the ritual of praying for grain is heldhere every year. The main hall should be renovated before each sacrifice.

　　Now we come out from the east gate of the altar of praying for grain, andwe can see a long corridor with 72 rooms, commonly known as 72 company rooms. Itconnects with the God kitchen and God storehouse, and is the channel fortransporting sacrifices during sacrifice. In the southeast of the corridor,there are eight huge bluestones, called Seven Star stones. This is FengshuiZhenshi. There are two versions of the seven star stone. In one generation, aTaoist and an emperor said that the southeast of the hall of praying for newyear was empty, which was unfavorable to the country. So here are seven stonessymbolizing the Big Dipper. Second, the Seven Star Stone represents the sevenpeaks of Dongyue. As for the xiaoqingshi in the northeast, Emperor Kangxi sentpeople to investigate the hair vein of Mount Tai in order to find a theoreticalbasis for the Manchu to take charge of the Central Plains, and determined thatthe hair vein of Mount Tai increased after the Changbai Mountain in thenortheast.

　　Today's sightseeing tour is coming to an end. I hope this time in thetemple of heaven can become an eternal memory of your visit to Beijing.